c/c++中#include <>与#include""区别

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 09:01:55 发布

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 09:01:55 发布 · 237 阅读

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本文介绍了C语言中两种不同的头文件包含方式：使用尖括号<>和双引号的区别。前者通常用于查找标准库提供的头文件，后者则先在当前目录下查找自定义的头文件。

<>先去系统目录中找头文件，如果没有在到当前目录下找。所以像标准的头文件 stdio.h、stdlib.h等用这个方法。

而""首先在当前目录下寻找，如果找不到，再到系统目录中寻找。这个用于include自定义的头文件，让系统优先使用当前目录中定义的。

When writing your C program, you can include files in two ways. The first way is to surround the file you want to include with the angled brackets < and >. This method of inclusion tells the preprocessor to look for the file in the predefined default location.

This predefined default location is often an INCLUDE environment variable that denotes the path to your include files. For instance, given the INCLUDE variable

INCLUDE=C:COMPILERINCLUDE;S:SOURCEHEADERS;

using the #include version of file inclusion, the compiler first checks the C:COMPILERINCLUDE
directory for the specified file. If the file is not found there, the compiler then checks the S:SOURCEHEADERS directory. If the file is still not found, the preprocessor checks the current directory.

The second way to include files is to surround the file you want to include with double quotation marks. This method of inclusion tells the preprocessor to look for the file in the current directory first, then look for it in the predefined locations you have set up.

Using the #include “file” version of file inclusion and applying it to the preceding example, the preprocessor first checks the current directory for the specified file. If the file is not found in the current directory, the C:COMPILERINCLUDE directory is searched. If the file is still not found, the preprocessor checks the S:SOURCEHEADERS directory.

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[*]The #include method of file inclusion is often used to include [i]standard [/i]headers such as stdio.h or stdlib.h. This is because these headers are rarely (if ever) modified, and they should always be read from your compiler’s standard include file directory.

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[*]The #include “file” method of file inclusion is often used to include [i]nonstandard [/i]header files that you have created for use in your program. This is because these headers are often modified in the current directory, and you will want the preprocessor to use your newly modified version of the header rather than the older, unmodified version.

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