Memcached note

Linux环境下Memcache服务器端的安装与配置教程
本文提供了一步一步的指导,详细解释了如何在Linux系统上安装和配置Memcache服务器端,包括下载必要的软件包、安装libevent和memcached,以及启动服务的步骤。此外,还提供了解决安装过程中可能出现的问题的方法,如加载共享库失败,并介绍了如何将Memcache服务集成到系统的启动项中,确保其在系统重启后能够自动启动。

下载并安装Memcache服务器端
服务器端主要是安装memcache服务器端.
下载:http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.2.tar.gz
另外,Memcache用到了libevent这个库用于Socket的处理,所以还需要安装libevent,libevent的最新版本是libevent-1.3。(如果你的系统已经安装了libevent,可以不用安装)
官网:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
下载:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.3.tar.gz

用wget指令直接下载这两个东西.下载回源文件后。
1.先安装libevent。这个东西在配置时需要指定一个安装路径,即./configure –prefix=/usr;然后make;然后make install;
2.再安装memcached,只是需要在配置时需要指定libevent的安装路径即./configure –with-libevent=/usr;然后make;然后make install;
这样就完成了Linux下Memcache服务器端的安装。详细的方法如下:

 

1.分别把memcached和libevent下载回来,放到 /tmp 目录下:
# cd /tmp
# wget http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.0.tar.gz
# wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.2.tar.gz

2.先安装libevent:
# tar zxvf libevent-1.2.tar.gz
# cd libevent-1.2
# ./configure –prefix=/usr
# make
# make install

3.测试libevent是否安装成功:
# ls -al /usr/lib | grep libevent
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 11?? 12 17:38 libevent-1.2.so.1 -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 263546 11?? 12 17:38 libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 454156 11?? 12 17:38 libevent.a
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 811 11?? 12 17:38 libevent.la
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 11?? 12 17:38 libevent.so -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3
还不错,都安装上了。

4.安装memcached,同时需要安装中指定libevent的安装位置:
# cd /tmp
# tar zxvf memcached-1.2.0.tar.gz
# cd memcached-1.2.0
# ./configure –with-libevent=/usr
# make
# make install
如果中间出现报错,请仔细检查错误信息,按照错误信息来配置或者增加相应的库或者路径。
安装完成后会把memcached放到 /usr/local/bin/memcached ,

5.测试是否成功安装memcached:
# ls -al /usr/local/bin/mem*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 137986 11?? 12 17:39 /usr/local/bin/memcached
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 140179 11?? 12 17:39 /usr/local/bin/memcached-debug

 

启动Memcached服务
1.启动Memcache的服务器端:
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.141.64 -p 12000 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid

-d选项是启动一个守护进程,
-m是分配给Memcache使用的内存数量,单位是MB,我这里是10MB,
-u是运行Memcache的用户,我这里是root,
-l是监听的服务器IP地址,如果有多个地址的话,我这里指定了服务器的IP地址192.168.0.200,
-p是设置Memcache监听的端口,我这里设置了12000,最好是1024以上的端口,
-c选项是最大运行的并发连接数,默认是1024,我这里设置了256,按照你服务器的负载量来设定,
-P是设置保存Memcache的pid文件,我这里是保存在 /tmp/memcached.pid,

2.如果要结束Memcache进程,执行:

# kill `cat /tmp/memcached.pid`

也可以启动多个守护进程,不过端口不能重复。

 

测试Memcached:

 

复制代码
[root@localhost /]# telnet 192.168.141.64 12000
Trying 
192.168.141.64...
Connected to 
192.168.141.64 (192.168.141.64).
Escape character is '^]'
.
set key1 0 60 4
zhou
STORED
get key1
VALUE key1 
0 4
zhou
END
复制代码


至此Memcached安装成功!

 

 

常见问题:

1.如果启动Memcached服务的时候遇到了

/usr/local/bin/memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.2.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory;

解决方案:

[root@localhost bin]# LD_DEBUG=libs memcached -v 
[root@localhost bin]
# ln -s /usr/lib/libevent-1.2.so.1 /usr/lib64/libevent-1.2.so.1
[root@localhost bin]
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 100 -u root -p 12000 -c 1000 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
[root@localhost bin]
# ps -aux

可以看到启动的Memcached服务了.

 

2.把Memcached服务加载到Linux的启动项中.万一机器断电系统重启.那么Memcached就会自动启动了.

假如启动Memcache的服务器端的命令为:
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.141.64 -p 12000 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid容来自17jquery

想开机自动启动的话,只需在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入一行,下面命令
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -p 12000 -u apache -c 256
上面有些东西可以参考一下:即,ip不指定时,默认是本机,用户:最好选择是:apache 或 deamon
这样,也就是属于哪个用户的服务,由哪个用户启动。

 

 

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最新发布
09-25
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