重启后nvidia-smi命令不可执行，出现“Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.”

重启后nvidia-smi命令不可执行，出现“Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.”

原因分析：

NVIDIA驱动是在低版本的时候安装，由于系统更新，内核版本升级导致NVIDIA无法应用在高内核版本

vi /etc/default/grub

解决方法

方法1： 更改内核启动顺序

1. 显示内核的启动顺序

grep menuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfg

if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
  menuentry_id_option=""
export menuentry_id_option
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
submenu 'Ubuntu 高级选项' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 4.8.0-26-lowlatency' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-lowlatency-advanced-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.8.0-26-lowlatency (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-lowlatency-init-upstart-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.8.0-26-lowlatency (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-lowlatency-recovery-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 4.8.0-26-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-generic-advanced-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.8.0-26-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-generic-init-upstart-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.8.0-26-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-45-generic-recovery-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 4.4.0-21-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-21-generic-advanced-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-21-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-21-generic-init-upstart-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-21-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-21-generic-recovery-5bce3795-da96-4c6f-bed2-67d37185a77d' {
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+)' {
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)' {

假设你要以4.4.0-21内核版本启动，则将文件/etc/default/grub中

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
改为

GRUB_DEFAULT=6
或者改为

GRUB_DEFAULT=”Ubuntu，Linux 4.4.0-21-generic“
保存后
Ubuntu，Linux 5.4.0-37-generic
3. 然后使用命令sudo update-grub

4.重新启动后输入uname -r查看，内核即为想要的内核。

【推荐】方法2： 重新执行nvidia的安装命令

./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-440.82.run --no-opengl-files

执行你下载的官方驱动安装程序，简单省事，推荐该方法！