使用docker-compose搭建lnmp环境

最新推荐文章于 2025-10-06 15:20:54 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Docker-compose搭建LNMP环境，包括下载安装docker-compose、下载所需镜像、编写docker-compose.yml文件、运行compose.yml文件以及用Dockerfile制作镜像的全过程。

使用Docker-compose搭建lnmp环境

一、下载安装docker-compose

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

#如果下载不动,则使用
sudo curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

#如果出现sudo docker-compose提示找不到命令,则使用
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

docker-compose --version

二、下载所需镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7
docker pull nginx:latest
docker pull php:5.6-fpm
//如果有从别的服务器倒过来的docker转为镜像也可以使用

三、编写docker-compose.yml文件

version: "3"
services:
    pubfront:                            //nginx的docker名称
        image: nginx:latest              //镜像名
        container_name: pubfront         //dcoker名称
        restart: always                  //自动启动
        networks:                        //配置子网
            cynetwork:                   //子网别名
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.2 //分配子网地址
        ports:
             - "8110:81"                 //开放映射端口
             - "8111:443"
        volumes:                         //文件路径映射 
            - /data/docker/pubfront/nginx/html:/var/www/html
            - /data/docker/pubfront/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
            - /data/docker/pubfront/home:/home

            
            
            
    backend1:                              //backend1的nginx容器
        image: nginx:latest
        container_name: backend1
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.3
        ports:
             - "8010:81"
             - "8013:443"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/backend1/nginx/html:/var/www/html
            - /data/docker/backend1/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
            - /data/docker/backend1/home:/home
            
    php1:
        image: my/php:5.6-fpm-alpine            //backend1的php容器
        container_name: php1
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.4
        ports:
            - "8019:9000"      //php的端口通常是9000，然后在backend1的nginx配置中配置php地址为:172.18.0.4:8019
        volumes:                                 //backend1的php和nginx映射的文件路径要统一
            - /data/docker/backend1/nginx/html:/var/www/html
            - /data/docker/backend1/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
            - /data/docker/backend1/home:/home
 



 
    backend2:                             //backend2同backend1配置
        image: nginx:latest
        container_name: backend2
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.5
        ports:
             - "8020:81"
             - "8023:443"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/backend2/nginx/html:/var/www/html
            - /data/docker/backend2/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
            - /data/docker/backend2/home:/home
            
    php2:
        image: my/php:5.6-fpm-alpine
        container_name: php2
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.6
        ports:
            - "8029:9000"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/backend2/nginx/html:/var/www/html
            - /data/docker/backend2/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
            - /data/docker/backend2/home:/home
    


    dbnode1:                     //数据库配置
        image: my/mysql:5.7
        container_name: dbnode1
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.7
        command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 1234
            TZ: Asia/Shanghai
        ports:
            - "8036:3306"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/dbnode1/home:/home
            - /data/docker/dbnode1/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d
            - /data/docker/dbnode1/data:/var/lib/mysql
            - /data/docker/dbnode1/backup:/data/backup
            - /data/docker/dbnode1/log:/var/log 
            
            
    dbnode2:
        image: my/mysql:5.7
        container_name: dbnode2
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.8
        command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 1234
            TZ: Asia/Shanghai
        ports:
            - "8046:3306"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/dbnode2/home:/home
            - /data/docker/dbnode2/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d
            - /data/docker/dbnode2/data:/var/lib/mysql
            - /data/docker/dbnode2/backup:/data/backup
            - /data/docker/dbnode2/log:/var/log

    dbnode3:
        image: my/mysql:5.7
        container_name: dbnode3
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.9
        command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 1234
            TZ: Asia/Shanghai
        ports:
            - "8056:3306"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/dbnode3/home:/home
            - /data/docker/dbnode3/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d
            - /data/docker/dbnode3/data:/var/lib/mysql
            - /data/docker/dbnode3/backup:/data/backup
            - /data/docker/dbnode3/log:/var/log
            
            
            
    mycat:                   //mycat配置
        image: mycat1:1.0
        container_name: mycat
        restart: always 
        networks:
            cynetwork:
                ipv4_address: 172.18.0.10
        ports:
            - "8066:8066"
        volumes:
            - /data/docker/mycat/home:/home
        command: ["/home/auto_start_mycat.sh"]   //运行容器时执行脚本
        stdin_open: true
        tty: true

networks:                        //子网配置
  cynetwork:
    external: true

四、运行compose.yml文件

docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d //启动compose文件
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml down  //停止compose文件

//运行成功后：可以用以下命令查看docker状态
docker ps -a
//然后进入创好的容器命令：
docker exec -it 容器名 /bin/bash

五、用Dockerfile制作镜像

Dokcerfile文件（php镜像）：

FROM php:5.6-fpm-alpine

#国内repo源，让本地构建速度更快。
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories \

#安装GD依赖库
    && apk update && apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
    bzip2 bzip2-dev libmcrypt libxml2 openssl curl libcurl libzip libzip-dev freetype-dev libjpeg-turbo-dev libpng-dev libmcrypt-dev \

#添加php源码中的扩展，添加gd,mysqli,pdo-mysql,opcache,gettext,mcrypt等扩展
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) iconv bz2 mysql pdo_mysql mysqli hash sockets zip sockets \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd \
        --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include \
        --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include \
        --with-png-dir=/usr/include \
    && docker-php-ext-install gd \

#redis属于pecl扩展，需要使用pecl命令来安装，同时需要添加依赖的库
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .phpize-deps $PHPIZE_DEPS \
    && pecl install redis-4.2.0 \
    && pecl install xdebug-2.5.5 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable redis xdebug \
    && apk del .phpize-deps \

#更改配置文件
    && cp /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini-development /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini \

#安装Composer
    && curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php \
    && mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer \
    && composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com

备注

建议将最后compose的最后的下载地址换为

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

然后运行build命令生成镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile -t my/php:5.6-fpm-alpine .

备注

如果运行出错，多尝试重新build几次
如果运行不成功可以将Dockerfile文件内安装compose区域删除