一、前言
在某些情况下,Map函数会产生许多中间数据,而且都是重复的,为了减少reducer的输入提高reducer性能,我们往往需要一个中间程序来合并Map的输入,这时候可以利用
combinerclass来有效减少网络传输的数据量。
二、WordCount 的CombinerClass
原理很简单:例如有一个map中(”hello",1)有10000个,传输到reducer端的确没什么必要,那么我们合并一个变成(“hello",10000)就ok了
package hadoop.v3;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.TextOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
import org.hai.hdfs.utils.HDFSUtils;
/**
* @author : chenhaipeng
* @date : 2015年9月6日 上午2:00:50
*/
public class WordCountNewAPI extends Configured implements Tool {
public static class Map extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text("UTF-8");
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper#map(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper.Context)
*/
@Override
public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
while(tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()){
word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());
context.write(word, one);
}
}
}
public static class Reduce extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer#reduce(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Iterable, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer.Context)
*/
@Override
public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int sum = 0;
for(IntWritable value : values){
sum += value.get();
}
System.out.println("key----->"+key);
context.write(key, new IntWritable(sum));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
int ret = ToolRunner.run(new WordCountNewAPI(), args);
System.exit(ret);
}
public static void deletedir(String path){
try {
HDFSUtils.DeleteHDFSFile(path);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/*
* @see org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool#run(java.lang.String[])
*/
@Override
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
Job job = new Job(getConf());
job.setJarByClass(WordCountNewAPI.class);
job.setJobName("WordCountNewAPI");
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);
job.setMapperClass(Map.class);
job.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
job.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
deletedir(args[1]);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
boolean sucess = job.waitForCompletion(true);
return sucess == true? 0 : 1;
}
}
下面提供来自hadoop 权威指南的一个例子!
二、MaxTemperatureWithCombiner
package hadoop.v3;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.TextOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
import org.hai.hdfs.utils.HDFSUtils;
/**
* @author : chenhaipeng
* @date : 2015年9月6日 下午5:48:57
*/
public class MaxTemperatureWithCombiner extends Configured implements Tool {
public static class MaxTemperatureMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
private static final int MISSING = 9999;
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper#map(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper.Context)
*/
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
String year = line.substring(15, 19);
int airTemperature;
if(line.charAt(87) == '+'){
airTemperature = Integer.parseInt(line.substring(88,92));
}else{
airTemperature = Integer.parseInt(line.substring(87,92));
}
String quality = line.substring(92,93);
if(airTemperature != MISSING && quality.matches("[01459]")){
context.write(new Text(year), new IntWritable(airTemperature));
}
}
}
public static class MaxTemperatureReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer#reduce(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Iterable, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer.Context)
*/
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int maxValue = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
for(IntWritable value : values){
maxValue = Math.max(maxValue, value.get());
}
context.write(new Text(key), new IntWritable(maxValue));
}
}
public static void deletedir(String path){
try {
HDFSUtils.DeleteHDFSFile(path);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool#run(java.lang.String[])
*/
@Override
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
Job job = new Job(getConf());
job.setJarByClass(MaxTemperatureWithCombiner.class);
job.setJobName("MaxTemperatureWithCombiner");
job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
job.setMapperClass(MaxTemperatureMapper.class);
job.setCombinerClass(MaxTemperatureReducer.class);
job.setReducerClass(MaxTemperatureReducer.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));
deletedir(args[1]);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
boolean sucess = job.waitForCompletion(true);
return sucess == true? 0 : 1;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
if(args.length != 2){
System.err.println("需要两个输入参数,<input path> <output path>");
System.exit(-1);
}
int ret = ToolRunner.run(new MaxTemperatureWithCombiner(), args);
System.exit(ret);
}
}
输出: