Mac 安装 Vue脚手架 报错误：EACCES：权限被拒绝，访问“/usr/lib/node_modules”

一、起因：

今天我在尝试使用终端安装 vue脚手架 npm install -g @vue/cli，它返回此错误：

npm ERR! code EACCES
npm ERR! syscall mkdir
npm ERR! path /usr/local/lib/node_modules/@vue
npm ERR! errno -13
npm ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@vue'
npm ERR!  [Error: EACCES: permission denied, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@vue'] {
npm ERR!   errno: -13,
npm ERR!   code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!   syscall: 'mkdir',
npm ERR!   path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@vue'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It is likely you do not have the permissions to access this file as the current user
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/xiaoqiang/.npm/_logs/2023-02-02T06_52_46_707Z-debug-0.log
xiaoqiang@xiaoqiang-MacBook-Pro ~ % 

具体报错：

二、解决方案：

1. 为全局安装创建一个目录：

mkdir ~/.npm-global

2. 配置 npm 以使用新的目录路径：

npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'

3. 打开或创建一个 ~/.bash_profile 文件：

open ~/.bash_profile

4. 在~/.bash_profile 文件中添加以下这行代码：

export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH

5. 返回命令行，更新系统变量：

source ~/.bash_profile

6. 测试安装vue脚手架：

npm install -g @vue/cli

7. 查看是否安装成功：

vue --version

安装成功如下图：