安全ActiveX控件-优快云博客

前面两篇文章分别介绍了 MFC ActiveX 应用程序和使用 ATL 开发 ActiveX 的简单实例，但还有两个问题需要解决：

1）标记ActiveX控件为安全的控件 2)对控件进行数字签名。本文将结合这两点进行简单的介绍。

Building a Safe ActiveX Control

如何不想办法将控件标记为安全的，就会在Web页面与控件进行交互时出现如下图的警告信息：

下面将分别介绍在MFC ActiveX和ATL中如何标记一个控件为安全的控件。

要标记一个MFC ActiveX控件为安全，可以仿照下面代码修改而得：

// CardScan.cpp : CCardScanApp 和DLL 注册的实现。
#include " stdafx.h "
#include " CardScan.h "
#include " comcat.h "
#include " strsafe.h "
#include " objsafe.h "

CCardScanApp theApp;
const GUID CDECL BASED_CODE _tlid =
        { 0x29959268 , 0x9729 , 0x458E , { 0xA8 , 0x39 , 0xBB , 0x39 , 0x2E , 0xCB , 0x7E , 0x37 } };
const WORD _wVerMajor = 1 ;
const WORD _wVerMinor = 0 ;
const CATID CLSID_SafeItem =
{ 0xB548F3C7 , 0x2135 , 0x4242 ,{ 0x92 , 0x0B , 0xA7 , 0xBD , 0xEE , 0x6D , 0x2B , 0xA3 }};

// { 0x36299202, 0x9ef, 0x4abf,{ 0xad, 0xb9, 0x47, 0xc5, 0x99, 0xdb, 0xe7, 0x78}};
// CCardScanApp::InitInstance - DLL 初始化
BOOL CCardScanApp::InitInstance()
{
    BOOL bInit = COleControlModule::InitInstance();
     if (bInit)
    {
    }
     return bInit;
}
// CCardScanApp::ExitInstance - DLL 终止
int CCardScanApp::ExitInstance()
{
     return COleControlModule::ExitInstance();
}
HRESULT CreateComponentCategory(CATID catid, CHAR * catDescription)
{
    ICatRegister * pcr = NULL ;
    HRESULT hr = S_OK ;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_StdComponentCategoriesMgr,
        NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICatRegister, ( void ** ) & pcr);
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
     // Make sure the HKCR\Component Categories\{..catid

}
     // key is registered.
    CATEGORYINFO catinfo;
    catinfo.catid = catid;
    catinfo.lcid = 0x0409 ; // english
    size_t len;
     // Make sure the provided description is not too long.
     // Only copy the first 127 characters if it is.
     // The second parameter of StringCchLength is the maximum
     // number of characters that may be read into catDescription.
     // There must be room for a NULL-terminator. The third parameter
     // contains the number of characters excluding the NULL-terminator.
    hr = StringCchLength(catDescription, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, & len);
     if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
         if (len > 127 )
        {
            len = 127 ;
        }
    }
     else
    {
         // TODO: Write an error handler;
    }
     // The second parameter of StringCchCopy is 128 because you need
     // room for a NULL-terminator.
    hr = StringCchCopy(COLE2T(catinfo.szDescription), len + 1 , catDescription);
     // Make sure the description is null terminated.
    catinfo.szDescription[len + 1 ] = ' \0 ' ;
    hr = pcr -> RegisterCategories( 1 , & catinfo);
    pcr -> Release();
     return hr;
}
// HRESULT RegisterCLSIDInCategory -
//       Register your component categories information
HRESULT RegisterCLSIDInCategory(REFCLSID clsid, CATID catid)
{
     // Register your component categories information.
    ICatRegister * pcr = NULL ;
    HRESULT hr = S_OK ;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_StdComponentCategoriesMgr,
        NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICatRegister, ( void ** ) & pcr);
     if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
         // Register this category as being "implemented" by the class.
        CATID rgcatid[ 1 ] ;
        rgcatid[ 0 ] = catid;
        hr = pcr -> RegisterClassImplCategories(clsid, 1 , rgcatid);
    }
     if (pcr != NULL)
        pcr -> Release();
     return hr;
}

// HRESULT UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory - Remove entries from the registry
HRESULT UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory(REFCLSID clsid, CATID catid)
{
    ICatRegister * pcr = NULL ;
    HRESULT hr = S_OK ;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_StdComponentCategoriesMgr,
        NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICatRegister, ( void ** ) & pcr);
     if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
         // Unregister this category as being "implemented" by the class.
        CATID rgcatid[ 1 ] ;
        rgcatid[ 0 ] = catid;
        hr = pcr -> UnRegisterClassImplCategories(clsid, 1 , rgcatid);
    }
     if (pcr != NULL)
        pcr -> Release();
     return hr;
}
// DllRegisterServer - 将项添加到系统注册表

STDAPI DllRegisterServer( void )
{
    HRESULT hr;
    AFX_MANAGE_STATE(_afxModuleAddrThis);
     if ( ! AfxOleRegisterTypeLib(AfxGetInstanceHandle(), _tlid))
         return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_TYPELIB);
     if ( ! COleObjectFactoryEx::UpdateRegistryAll(TRUE))
         return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_CLASS);
     // Mark the control as safe for initializing.
    hr = CreateComponentCategory(CATID_SafeForInitializing,
        _T( " Controls safely initializable from persistent data! " ));
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
    hr = RegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem,
        CATID_SafeForInitializing);
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
     // Mark the control as safe for scripting.
    hr = CreateComponentCategory(CATID_SafeForScripting,
        _T( " Controls safely  scriptable! " ));
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
    hr = RegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem,
        CATID_SafeForScripting);
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
     return NOERROR;
}

// DllUnregisterServer - 将项从系统注册表中移除

STDAPI DllUnregisterServer( void )
{
    HRESULT hr;
    AFX_MANAGE_STATE(_afxModuleAddrThis);
     // Remove entries from the registry.
    hr = UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem,
        CATID_SafeForInitializing);
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
    hr = UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem,
        CATID_SafeForScripting);
     if (FAILED(hr))
         return hr;
     if ( ! AfxOleUnregisterTypeLib(_tlid, _wVerMajor, _wVerMinor))
         return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_TYPELIB);
     if ( ! COleObjectFactoryEx::UpdateRegistryAll(FALSE))
         return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_CLASS);
     return NOERROR;
}

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这里值得注意的一个地方是DllUnregisterServer函数，在这段代码中，我是将

hr = UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem, CATID_SafeForInitializing);

hr = UnRegisterCLSIDInCategory(CLSID_SafeItem, CATID_SafeForScripting);

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这两句代码放在

if ( ! AfxOleUnregisterTypeLib(_tlid, _wVerMajor, _wVerMinor))

            return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_TYPELIB);

       if ( ! COleObjectFactoryEx::UpdateRegistryAll(FALSE))

            return ResultFromScode(SELFREG_E_CLASS);

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这两句代码的前面，如果你查阅MSDN，将会发现它上面的顺序和我是相反的，这应该是微软的一个错误代码，如果按照MSDN的代码来写，则你使用regsvr32 -u CardScan.ocx反注册时会报下面的错误：

调整为我所说的顺序就没问题了。

2）要标记使用ATL写的ActiveX控件为安全的控件，这比MFC要简单的多，只需要在控件头文件中增加几行代码就可以了：

class ATL_NO_VTABLE CTestCtrl :
…
public IObjectSafetyImpl < CTestCtrl, INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_CALLER | INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_DATA > ,

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然后在COM映射表中增加一项：

BEGIN_COM_MAP(CTestCtrl)
…
COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IObjectSafety)
END_COM_MAP()

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Building a Signed ActiveX Control

ActiveX控件是个危险的东西，如果不对其合法性进行数字签名和验证，IE是会拒绝其安装的。

工具包准备：CABARC.exe, cert2spc.exe, makecab.exe, makecert.exe, signcode.exe(或新版本中的signtool)，以上小工具都可以在VS的安装路径下"Common7"Tools"Bin找到，或去微软官方网站上下载。

ActiveX控件的安装过程中，一部分工作就是自注册，这需要控件在VERSIONINFO结构中定义OLESelfRegister值，你可以对资源文件进行编辑如下

BEGIN
    BLOCK " StringFileInfo "
    BEGIN
        BLOCK " 080403a8 "
        BEGIN
            VALUE " CompanyName " , " TODO: <公司名> "
            VALUE " FileDescription " , " TODO: <文件说明> "
            VALUE " FileVersion " , " 1.0.0.1 "
            VALUE " InternalName " , " CardScan.ocx "
            VALUE " LegalCopyright " , " TODO: (C) <公司名>。保留所有权利。 "
            VALUE " OLESelfRegister " , " \0 "
            VALUE " OriginalFilename " , " CardScan.ocx "
            VALUE " ProductName " , " TODO: <产品名> "
            VALUE " ProductVersion " , " 1.0.0.1 "
         END
     END
    BLOCK " VarFileInfo "
    BEGIN
        VALUE " Translation " , 0x804 , 936
     END
END

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打包为CAB文件

因为ActiveX控件要放在网站上供客户下载到本地，因此压缩是必需的。一段典型的html代码如下：

< OBJECT ID ="FuckATL1"
CODEBASE ="http://localhost:8080/CardScan.cab"
CLASSID ="CLSID:B548F3C7-2135-4242-920B-A7BDEE6D2BA3" WIDTH =300 HEIGHT =200
/>

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CODEBASE就指明了要下载的压缩包，其中包含了oxc，dll控件等所需要的文件。

通常CAB文件包含了一个INF文件，它用来描述CAB文件的所有细节信息，下面举个简单例子，代码如下：

; Sample INF file for SCRIPTABLEACTIVEX . DLL
[version]
; version signature ( same for both NT and Win95 ) do not remove
signature = " $CHICAGO$ "
AdvancedINF = 2.0

[Add . Code]
CardScan . ocx = CardScan . ocx
CardScan . inf = CardScan . inf

[CardScan . ocx]
file-win32-x86 = thiscab
clsid = {B548F3C7- 2135 - 4242 -920B-A7BDEE6D2BA3}
FileVersion = 1 , 0 , 0 , 1
RegisterServer = yes

[CardScan . inf]
file = thiscab
; end of INF file

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至于打包就不赘述了，详尽的图解过程请看《如何给ActiveX数字签名(Step by Step, Delphi)》