arduino mega2560开发板烧录Bootloader

一、材料和准备工作

  1、arduino mega2560开发板 - 编号1（已刷入Bootloader, 即能够用Arduino IDE烧录程序）
  2、arduino mega2560开发板 - 编号2（待刷入程序的开发板）
  3、公对公杜邦线或者其他连接线6根
  4、电脑安装Arduino IDE

二、连接设备

  1、arduino mega2560开发板 - 编号1 与 arduino mega2560开发板 - 编号2 按下图线序连接

三、连接电脑

  1、arduino mega2560开发板 - 编号1 插入数据线连接到电脑USB口上，状态如下

四、烧录Bootloader

  1、打开Arduino IDE，粘贴下面的代码
  2、选择编号1开发板串口号
  3、点击箭头 -> 上传代码到Arduino mega2560 - 编号1开发板上

// ArduinoISP
// Copyright (c) 2008-2011 Randall Bohn
// If you require a license, see
// https://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
//
// This sketch turns the Arduino into a AVRISP using the following Arduino pins:
//
// Pin 10 is used to reset the target microcontroller.
//
// By default, the hardware SPI pins MISO, MOSI and SCK are used to communicate
// with the target. On all Arduinos, these pins can be found
// on the ICSP/SPI header:
//
//               MISO °. . 5V (!) Avoid this pin on Due, Zero...
//               SCK   . . MOSI
//                     . . GND
//
// On some Arduinos (Uno,...), pins MOSI, MISO and SCK are the same pins as
// digital pin 11, 12 and 13, respectively. That is why many tutorials instruct
// you to hook up the target to these pins. If you find this wiring more
// practical, have a define USE_OLD_STYLE_WIRING. This will work even when not
// using an Uno. (On an Uno this is not needed).
//
// Alternatively you can use any other digital pin by configuring
// software ('BitBanged') SPI and having appropriate defines for ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI,
// ARDUINOISP_PIN_MISO and ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK.
//
// IMPORTANT: When using an Arduino that is not 5V tolerant (Due, Zero, ...) as
// the programmer, make sure to not expose any of the programmer's pins to 5V.
// A simple way to accomplish this is to power the complete system (programmer
// and target) at 3V3.
//
// Put an LED (with resistor) on the following pins:
// 9: Heartbeat   - shows the programmer is running
// 8: Error       - Lights up if something goes wrong (use red if that makes sense)
// 7: Programming - In communication with the target
//

#include "Arduino.h"
#undef SERIAL


#define PROG_FLICKER true

// Configure SPI clock (in Hz).
// E.g. for an ATtiny @ 128 kHz: the datasheet states that both the high and low
// SPI clock pulse must be > 2 CPU cycles, so take 3 cycles i.e. divide target
// f_cpu by 6:
//     #define SPI_CLOCK            (128000/6)
//
// A clock slow enough for an ATtiny85 @ 1 MHz, is a reasonable default:

#define SPI_CLOCK (1000000 / 6)


// Select hardware or software SPI, depending on SPI clock.
// Currently only for AVR, for other architectures (Due, Zero,...), hardware SPI
// is probably too fast anyway.

#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_AVR)

#if SPI_CLOCK > (F_CPU / 128)
#define USE_HARDWARE_SPI
#endif

#endif

// Configure which pins to use:

// The standard pin configuration.
#ifndef ARDUINO_HOODLOADER2

#define RESET 10  // Use pin 10 to reset the target rather than SS
#define LED_HB 9
#define LED_ERR 8
#define LED_PMODE 7

// Uncomment following line to use the old Uno style wiring
// (using pin 11, 12 and 13 instead of the SPI header) on Leonardo, Due...

// #define USE_OLD_STYLE_WIRING

#ifdef USE_OLD_STYLE_WIRING

#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI 51
#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_MISO 52
#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK 53

#endif

// HOODLOADER2 means running sketches on the ATmega16U2 serial converter chips
// on Uno or Mega boards. We must use pins that are broken out:
#else

#define RESET 10
#define LED_HB 7
#define LED_ERR 6
#define LED_PMODE 5

#endif

// By default, use hardware SPI pins:
#ifndef ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI
#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI MOSI
#endif

#ifndef ARDUINOISP_PIN_MISO
#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_MISO MISO
#endif

#ifndef ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK
#define ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK SCK
#endif

// Force bitbanged SPI if not using the hardware SPI pins:
#if (ARDUINOISP_PIN_MISO != MISO) || (ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI != MOSI) || (ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK != SCK)
#undef USE_HARDWARE_SPI
#endif


// Configure the serial port to use.
//
// Prefer the USB virtual serial port (aka. native USB port), if the Arduino has one:
//   - it does not autoreset (except for the magic baud rate of 1200).
//   - it is more reliable because of USB handshaking.
//
// Leonardo and similar have an USB virtual serial port: 'Serial'.
// Due and Zero have an USB virtual serial port: 'SerialUSB'.
//
// On the Due and Zero, 'Serial' can be used too, provided you disable autoreset.
// To use 'Serial': #define SERIAL Serial

#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_USBVIRTUAL
#define SERIAL SERIAL_PORT_USBVIRTUAL
#else
#define SERIAL Serial
#endif


// Configure the baud rate:

#define BAUDRATE 19200
// #define BAUDRATE	115200
// #define BAUDRATE	1000000


#define HWVER 2
#define SWMAJ 1
#define SWMIN 18

// STK Definitions
#define STK_OK 0x10
#define STK_FAILED 0x11
#define STK_UNKNOWN 0x12
#define STK_INSYNC 0x14
#define STK_NOSYNC 0x15
#define CRC_EOP 0x20  //ok it is a space...

void pulse(int pin, int times);

#ifdef USE_HARDWARE_SPI
#include "SPI.h"
#else

#define SPI_MODE0 0x00

#if !defined(ARDUINO_API_VERSION) || ARDUINO_API_VERSION != 10001  // A SPISettings class is declared by ArduinoCore-API 1.0.1
class SPISettings {
   
public:
  // clock is in Hz
  SPISettings(uint32_t clock, uint8_t bitOrder, uint8_t dataMode)
    : clockFreq(clock) {
   
    (void)bitOrder;
    (void)dataMode;
  };

  uint32_t getClockFreq() const {
   
    return clockFreq;
  }

private:
  uint32_t clockFreq;
};
#endif                                                             // !defined(ARDUINO_API_VERSION)

class BitBangedSPI {
   
public:
  void begin() {
   
    digitalWrite(ARDUINOISP_PIN_SCK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(ARDUINOISP_PIN_MOSI, LOW