Oracle 11gR2用gpnp profile存放ASM的spfile路径

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 18:43:26 发布

huangliang0703

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 18:43:26 发布

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分类专栏： RAC

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本文介绍了Oracle 11gR2环境下ASM参数文件的管理方式及其实现机制。详细阐述了参数文件如何在ASM磁盘组中进行备份、拷贝和移动等操作，并解释了Grid Plug and Play (GPnP) profile的作用。

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从Oracle 11gR2开始，GI集成了ASM，OCR/VOTEDISK也存放在ASM磁盘组了(11gR2以前需要存放于裸设备中)，同时ASM的功能较10g也有很大增强。

我们先引入一个问题：
11gR2中，OCR/VOTEDISK存放在ASM磁盘组，这也就意味着在GI能够启动的前提是能够顺利启动ASM实例并且能够将相应磁盘组MOUNT起来；而ASM的spfile却放在ASM磁盘组里，这也同样意味着要先启动ASM实例并且能读到参数文件。那如何解决这个问题呢？ 11gR2中引入了pgnp profile，用于存放ASM参数文件路径，这允许oracle在ASM实例启动以前读到参数文件。

11gR2的RAC环境中,ASM的参数文件存放于ASM磁盘组里面.ASM实例启动时候,寻找参数文件的顺序如下,直接找到为止:
1. Grid Plug and Play (GPnP) profile
2. spfile+ASM<node_number>.ora
3. init+ASM<node_number>.ora

因此,11gR2中可以没有pfile,可以将ASM参数保存在gpnp profile中,在管理上省下了很多工作.

11gR2RAC环境中,ASM的参数文件支持备份(spbackup),拷贝(spcopy),移动(spmove),查询gpnp profile(spget),设置(spset)等操作

特别需要注意一点,ASM的参数文件最好放在ASM磁组里,同时确保每个集群成员的gpnp都为同一个路径

<span style="color:#333333;">[grid@vmac1 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls -l
State    Type    Rebal  Name
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N      DATA/
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N      SYSTEMDG/
ASMCMD> pwd
+
ASMCMD> cd SYSTEMDG/
ASMCMD> pwd      
+SYSTEMDG
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type  Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                        Y    vmac-cluster/
ASMCMD> cd vmac-cluster/
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type  Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                        Y    ASMPARAMETERFILE/
                                        Y    OCRFILE/
ASMCMD> cd ASMPARAMETERFILE/
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
</span><span style="color:#ff0000;">ASMPARAMETERFILE  MIRROR  COARSE   MAR 02 23:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.873328657 // ASM spfile文件</span><span style="color:#333333;">
ASMCMD> spcopy REGISTRY.253.873328657 spcopy.ora
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE  MIRROR  COARSE   MAR 02 23:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.873328657
ASMCMD> spget
+SYSTEMDG/vmac-cluster/asmparameterfile/registry.253.873328657
ASMCMD> spcopy REGISTRY.253.873328657 /home/grid/spcopy.ora
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE  MIRROR  COARSE   MAR 02 23:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.873328657</span>

<span style="color:#333333;">[grid@vmac1 ~]$ pwd
/home/grid
[grid@vmac1 ~]$ ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 3 grid oinstall 4096 Mar  2 22:10 oradiag_grid
</span><span style="color:#ff0000;">-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 1536 Mar 25 02:32 spcopy.ora  </span><span style="color:#333333;">
ASMCMD> spmove REGISTRY.253.873328657 old_ora.bak   </span><span style="color:#ff0000;">Retrieve the location of the spfile from the gPnP profile</span><span style="color:#333333;">
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15028: ASM file '+SYSTEMDG/vmac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.873328657' not dropped; currently being accessed (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
ASMCMD>  spcopy REGISTRY.253.873328657 spcopy.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1
ORA-06512: at line 7 (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE  MIRROR  COARSE   MAR 02 23:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.873328657
ASMCMD> spget           //使用</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 22.3999996185303px; font-family: tahoma, 宋体;">spmove 命令后，spget的结果发生了变化</span><span style="color:#333333;"></span><pre name="code" class="html" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: tahoma, 宋体; line-height: 22.3999996185303px;">old_ora.bak</span>

ASMCMD> shutdown abort
ORA-15097: cannot SHUTDOWN ASM instance with connected client
ASMCMD> shutdown --abort 
ASM instance shutdown
Connected to an idle instance.
ASMCMD> startup
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area  283930624 bytes
Fixed Size                  2212656 bytes
Variable Size             256552144 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
ASM diskgroups volume enabled

<span style="color:#333333;">ASMCMD> spget
/g01/11ggrid/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/old_ora.bak </span><span style="color:#ff0000;">//实例重启后，spget的结果发生了变化</span><span style="color:#333333;">
</span>

<span style="color:#ff0000;">/g01/11ggrid/app/11.2.0/grid/ 是$GRID_HOME,意味着spcopy spmove产生的文件存放在$GRID_HOME/dbs目录下</span>