convert-sorted-list-to-binary-search-tree

本文介绍了一种将升序链表转换为高度平衡的二叉搜索树的算法。通过递归实现,利用快慢指针找到链表的中间节点作为二叉树的根节点,然后递归处理左右子链表。

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题目描述:

Given a singly linked list where elements are sorted in ascending order, convert it to a height balanced BST.

简单的递归实现,dfs递归+快慢指针
不同场景中快慢指针方法具体细节可能不同,例如这里:1->2->3,返回的是2,1->2,返回的是2。另外场景中:1->2->3,可能需要返回的是3。
代码实现

public class Solution
{
    public TreeNode sortedListToBST(ListNode head)
    {
        if (head == null)
            return null;
        if (head.next == null)
            return new TreeNode(head.val);
        ListNode midNode = findMidListNode(head);
        TreeNode tNode = new TreeNode(midNode.val);
        tNode.left = sortedListToBST(head);
        tNode.right = sortedListToBST(midNode.next);
        return tNode;
    }

    private ListNode findMidListNode(ListNode head)
    {
        ListNode slow = head;
        ListNode fast = head.next;
        while (fast.next != null && fast.next.next != null)
        {
            slow = slow.next;
            fast = fast.next.next;
        }
        ListNode res = slow.next;
        slow.next = null;
        return res;
    }
}
【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.
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