angularjs中的controller主要负责业务逻辑的处理、数据模型,页面元素的展示等,通常一个controller会依赖一个或者多个service,通过service从数据库拉数据后保存到controller,controller的简陋的例子如下:
app.controller(‘EventController’,[‘
scope′,′EventService′,function(
scope,EventService){ EventService.getEvents().then(function(events){
$scope.events=events;
});
}]);
实际项目中的Service可能是这个样子的:
app.factory(‘EventService’, [‘
http′,′
q’,
function(
http,
q) {
return {
getEvents: function() {
var deferred = $q.defer();
$http.get('/events.json').success(function(result) {
deferred.resolve(result);
}).error(function(result) {
deferred.reject(result);
});
return deferred.promise;
}
};
}]);
通常是返回一个Promise,当数据都加载完成后执行controller中的then方法,关于Promise的更多讨论,有兴趣的可以戳 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1614576 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1614586 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1554745
测试依赖service的controller
通常来讲,在单元级别的测试中,我们不希望Service真正的发送请求,只是需要一个模拟的service,这个service只存在于我们要测试的controller中。我们先看一个例子:
var app = angular.module(‘MyApp’);
describe(“EventController”, function() {
var scope, q;
var controllerFactory;
var mockSerivce = {};
var events = [“event1”, “event2”, “event3”];
//注入controller所需要的angular服务,
beforeEach(function() {
module(“MyApp”);
inject(function(
rootScope,
controller, q) {
controllerFactory =controller;
scope =
rootScope.
new();
q = $q;
});
});
//mock一个service,通过jasmine的createSpy方法创建一个替代方法,当调用service的相关方法时返//回这个替代方法,数据被包含到promise中,
beforeEach(function() {
var deferred = q.defer();
deferred.resolve(events);
mockSerivce.getEvents = jasmine.createSpy(‘getEvents’);
mockSerivce.getEvents.andReturn(deferred.promise);
});
//通过这个方法实例化controller
function initController() {
return controllerFactory(‘EventController’, {
$scope: scope,
EventService: mockSerivce
});
}
//每次测试controller都要实例化一次controller
it(“should have a events list”, function() {
initController();
scope.$digest();
expect(scope.events.length).toEqual(3);
expect(scope.events).toEqual(events);
});
});
参考:http://icodeit.org/2013/12/how-to-test-controller-in-angularjs/