grep 用法实例 linux-优快云博客

本文展示了如何使用命令行工具处理文本文件，包括打印文件的部分内容、围绕特定关键字进行前后文检索等实用技巧。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

打印出文本的前20行内容
[root@zhangshibo temp]# cat actress_rankings.txt | head -n 20
1 Keira Knightley
2 Natalie Portman
3 Monica Bellucci
4 Bonnie Hunt
5 Cameron Diaz
6 Annie Potts
7 Liv Tyler
8 Julie Andrews
9 Lindsay Lohan
10 Catherine Zeta-Jones
11 CateBlanchett
12 Sarah Michelle Gellar
13 Carrie Fisher
14 Shannon Elizabeth
15 Julia Roberts
16 Sally Field
17 TeaLeoni
18 Kirsten Dunst
19 Rene Russo
20 JadaPinkett

打印出匹配 “Cameron Diaz 的文本行以及其之后的3行
[root@zhangshibo temp]# grep -A 3 "Cameron Diaz" actress_rankings.txt
5 Cameron Diaz
6 Annie Potts
7 Liv Tyler
8 Julie Andrews

打印出匹配行及其之前的3行
[root@zhangshibo temp]# grep -B 3 "Cameron Diaz" actress_rankings.txt
2 Natalie Portman
3 Monica Bellucci
4 Bonnie Hunt
5 Cameron Diaz

打印出匹配行及其之前的2行和之后的2行
[root@zhangshibo temp]# grep -C 3 "Cameron Diaz" actress_rankings.txt
2 Natalie Portman
3 Monica Bellucci
4 Bonnie Hunt
5 Cameron Diaz
6 Annie Potts
7 Liv Tyler
8 Julie Andrews