这是我的表结构：
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animalphotos`;
CREATE TABLE `animalphotos` (
`photo_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 照片ID',
`animal_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 所属动物ID',
`photo_
url` varchar(255
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '图片路径或
URL',
PRIMARY KEY (`photo_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `animal_id`(`animal_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animalphotos_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`animal_id`
) REFERENCES `animals` (`animal_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE
= InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT
= 1 CHARACTER SET
= utf8mb4 COLLATE
= utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT
= Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for animals
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animals`;
CREATE TABLE `animals` (
`animal_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '动物唯一标识',
`name` varchar(50
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '名称',
`species` varchar(25
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 种类',
`gender` enum('雄','雌'
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT ' 性别',
`age` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 年龄',
`user_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 关联饲养者/管理者（Users
.user_id）',
`zone` varchar(100
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '动物位置',
PRIMARY KEY (`animal_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `caretaker_id`(`user_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `species_id`(`species` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animals_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`
) REFERENCES `users` (`user_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE
= InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT
= 1 CHARACTER SET
= utf8mb4 COLLATE
= utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT
= Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for animaltraits
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animaltraits`;
CREATE TABLE `animaltraits` (
`trait_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 特征ID',
`animal_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '动物ID（Animals）',
`nature` varchar(20
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '性格 ',
`favourite` text CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL COMMENT ' 喜好描述',
PRIMARY KEY (`trait_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `animal_id`(`animal_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animaltraits_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`animal_id`
) REFERENCES `animals` (`animal_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE
= InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT
= 1 CHARACTER SET
= utf8mb4 COLLATE
= utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT
= Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for users
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users` (
`user_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 用户唯一标识',
`username` varchar(20
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`password` varchar(30
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '密码（加密）',
`role` enum('游客','饲养者','管理员'
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT ' 角色：游客/饲养者/管理员',
`status` enum('在线','离线'
) CHARACTER SET
utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户状态(是否在线
)',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`
) USING BTREE
) ENGINE
= InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT
= 9 CHARACTER SET
= utf8mb4 COLLATE
= utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT
= Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS
= 1;
这是我的实体类：
// User 类
public class User {
private int user_id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String role;
private String status;
private List<Animals> animals; // 用户与动物是一对多关系
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// Animals 类
public class Animals {
private int animal_id;
private String name;
private String gender; // 雄/雌
private Integer age;
private String species;
private String zone;
private User user; // 动物与用户是一对多关系（反向关联）
private List<AnimalPhoto> animalPhotos; // 动物与照片是一对多关系
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// AnimalPhoto 类
public class AnimalPhoto {
private int photo_id;
private Animals animal; // 照片与动物是一对多关系（反向关联）
private String photo_
url;
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// AnimalTrait 类
public class AnimalTrait {
private int trait_id;
private Animals animal; // 特征与动物是一对一关系（反向关联）
private String nature; // 性格
private String favourite; // 喜好描述
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
用户 (users
) 与动物 (animals
) 之间是一对多关系。
动物 (animals
) 与照片 (animalphotos
) 之间是一对多关系。
动物 (animals
) 与特征 (animaltraits
) 之间是一对一关系。
这是我登录注册代码：
package com
.cxy
.Controller;
import com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User;
import com
.cxy
.Service
.UserService;
import org
.springframework
.beans
.factory
.annotation
.Autowired;
import org
.springframework
.stereotype
.Controller;
import org
.springframework
.ui
.Model;
import org
.springframework
.web
.bind
.annotation
.*;
import javax
.servlet.http
.HttpSession;
import java
.text
.SimpleDateFormat;
import java
.util
.Date;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
// 显示登录页面
@GetMapping("/login"
)
public String loginPage(@
RequestParam(value
= "error", required
= false
) String error, Model model
) {
if (error !
= null
) {
model
.addAttribute("error", true
);
}
return "/login/login
.jsp"; // 返回登录页面
}
// 处理登录请求
@PostMapping("/login"
)
public String login(@
RequestParam String username, @
RequestParam String password, HttpSession session, Model model
) {
User user
= userService
.login(username, password
);
if (user !
= null
) {
// 更新数据库
中的在线状态
userService
.updateUserStatus(user
.getUserId(
), "在线"
);
// 将用户信息存入 session
session
.setAttribute("user", user
);
session
.setAttribute("username", user
.getUsername(
)); // 存储用户名
session
.setAttribute("role", user
.getRole(
)); // 存储角色
session
.setAttribute("status", "在线"
); // 存储状态
session
.setAttribute("loginTime", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy
-MM
-dd HH:mm:ss"
).format(new Date(
))); // 登录时间
return "redirect:/index
.jsp"; // 登录成功，跳转到主页
}
// 登录失败，返回登录页面并传递错误信息
model
.addAttribute("loginError", "用户名或密码错误，请重新尝试。"
);
return "login/login
.jsp";
}
// 显示注册页面
@GetMapping("/register"
)
public String registerPage(
) {
return "/login/register
.jsp"; // 返回注册页面
}
// 处理注册请求
@PostMapping("/register"
)
public String register(User user, Model model
) {
if (userService
.register(user
)) {
return "/login/login
.jsp"; // 注册成功，跳转到登录页面
}
model
.addAttribute("registerError", "用户名已存在"
); // 用户名已存在
return "/login/register
.jsp"; // 注册失败，返回注册页面
}
// 处理退出登录
@GetMapping("/logout"
)
public String logout(HttpSession session
) {
User user
= (User
) session
.getAttribute("user"
);
if (user !
= null
) {
userService
.updateUserStatus(user
.getUserId(
), "离线"
);
}
session
.invalidate(
); // 清除session
return "redirect:/login/login
.jsp"; // 返回登录页面
}
}
这是我实现登录注册的配置：
<?xml version
="1
.0" encoding
="
UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "
-//mybatis
.org//DTD Mapper 3
.0//EN"
"http://mybatis
.org/dtd/mybatis
-3
-mapper
.dtd">
<mapper namespace
="com
.cxy
.Mapper
.UserMapper">
<!
-- 查询用户
-->
<select id
="findByUsername" resultType
="com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User">
SELECT * FROM users WHERE username
= #{username}
</select>
<!
-- 插入新用户
-->
<insert id
="insertUser" parameterType
="com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User">
INSERT INTO users (username, password, role
)
VALUES (#{username}, #{password}, #{role}
)
</insert>
<!
-- 更新在线状态
-->
<update id
="updateStatus">
UPDATE users SET status
= #{status} WHERE user_id
= #{user_id}
</update>
</mapper>
application
-dao
.xml:<?xml version
="1
.0" encoding
="
UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema
-instance"
xmlns:context
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring
-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring
-context
.xsd">
<context:property
-placeholder location
="classpath:jdbc
.properties"/>
<!
-- 配置数据源
-->
<bean id
="dataSource" class
="com
.alibaba
.druid
.pool
.DruidDataSource">
<property name
="driverClassName" value
="${jdbc
.driverClassName}"/>
<property name
="
url" value
="${jdbc
.url}"/>
<property name
="username" value
="${jdbc
.username}"/>
<property name
="password" value
="${jdbc
.password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id
="sqlSessionFactory"
class
="org
.mybatis
.spring
.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name
="dataSource" ref
="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean class
="org
.mybatis
.spring
.mapper
.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name
="basePackage" value
="com
.cxy
.Mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
application
-service
.xml:<?xml version
="1
.0" encoding
="
UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema
-instance"
xmlns:context
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring
-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring
-context
.xsd">
<!
-- 配置组件扫描
-->
<context:component
-scan base
-package
="com
.cxy
.Service"/>
</beans>
spring
-mvc
.xml:<?xml version
="1
.0" encoding
="
UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema
-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring
-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc/spring
-mvc
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring
-context
.xsd">
<context:component
-scan base
-package
="com
.cxy
.Controller"/>
<mvc:annotation
-driven/>
<mvc:resources mapping
="/css/**" location
="/css/" />
</beans>
web
.xml:<?xml version
="1
.0" encoding
="
UTF-8"?>
<web
-app xmlns
="http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema
-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/javaee/web
-app_4_0
.xsd"
version
="4
.0">
<filter>
<filter
-name>encodingFilter</filter
-name>
<filter
-class>org
.springframework
.web
.filter
.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter
-class>
<init
-param>
<param
-name>encoding</param
-name>
<param
-value>
UTF-8</param
-value>
</init
-param>
<init
-param>
<param
-name>forceEncoding</param
-name>
<param
-value>true</param
-value>
</init
-param>
</filter>
<filter
-mapping>
<filter
-name>encodingFilter</filter
-name>
<
url-pattern>/*</
url-pattern>
</filter
-mapping>
<context
-param>
<param
-name>contextConfigLocation</param
-name>
<param
-value>classpath:application
-*
.xml</param
-value>
</context
-param>
<listener>
<listener
-class>org
.springframework
.web
.context
.ContextLoaderListener</listener
-class>
</listener>
<!
-- Spring Dispatcher
Servlet -->
<
servlet>
<
servlet-name>Dispatcher</
servlet-name>
<
servlet-class>
org
.springframework
.web
.servlet.Dispatcher
Servlet
</
servlet-class>
<init
-param>
<param
-name>contextConfigLocation</param
-name>
<param
-value>classpath:spring
-mvc
.xml</param
-value>
</init
-param>
<load
-on
-startup>1</load
-on
-startup>
</
servlet>
<!
-- 配置 Spring Dispatcher
Servlet 映射
-->
<
servlet-mapping>
<
servlet-name>Dispatcher</
servlet-name>
<
url-pattern>/</
url-pattern>
</
servlet-mapping>
index
.jsp：
<%@ page language
="java" contentType
="text/html;
charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="
UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import
="java
.util
.Date" %>
<%@ taglib uri
="http://java
.sun
.com/
jsp/jstl/core" prefix
="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>动物园数字档案管理系统</title>
<link rel
="stylesheet" type
="text/css" href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/css/index
.css">
</head>
<body>
<!
-- 顶部导航栏
-->
<header>
<div class
="logo">
<img src
="<%
= request.getContextPath(
) %>/images/zoo
-logo
.png" alt
="Zoo Logo">
</div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/index
.jsp">首页</a></li>
<li><a href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/animal
.jsp">动物信息</a></li>
<li><a href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/activities
.jsp">活动预约</a></li>
<li><a href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/forum
.jsp">用户交流</a></li>
<%
String username
= (String
) session
.getAttribute("username"
);
String userRole
= (String
) session
.getAttribute("role"
);
String userStatus
= (String
) session
.getAttribute("status"
);
if ("饲养者"
.equals(userRole
)) {
out
.println("<li><a href
='" +
request.getContextPath(
) + "/animal/list'>我的动物</a></li>"
);
} else if ("管理员"
.equals(userRole
)) {
out
.println("<li><a href
='" +
request.getContextPath(
) + "/animal/list'>所有动物</a></li>"
);
}
if (username
== null
) {
out
.println("<li><a href
='" +
request.getContextPath(
) + "/login/login
.jsp'>登录/注册</a></li>"
);
} else {
out
.println("<li><a href
='" +
request.getContextPath(
) + "/logout'>退出登录</a></li>"
);
out
.println("<li><span>登录时间: " + session
.getAttribute("loginTime"
) + "</span></li>"
);
}
%>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<!
-- 主要内容
-->
<div class
="content">
<%
if ("游客"
.equals(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class
="animal
-search">
<h2>探索动物世界</h2>
<input type
="text" placeholder
="搜索动物
...">
<button onclick
="window
.location
.href
='${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/activities
.jsp'">立即预约活动</button>
</div>
<%
} else if ("饲养者"
.equals(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class
="manage
-animals">
<h2>饲养者面板</h2>
<p>欢迎，<%
= username %>！您当前状态：<%
= userStatus %></p>
</div>
<%
} else if ("管理员"
.equals(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class
="admin
-panel">
<h2>管理员面板</h2>
<p>欢迎，<%
= username %>！您当前状态：<%
= userStatus %></p>
</div>
<%
} else {
%>
<div class
="welcome
-message">
<h2>欢迎来到动物园数字档案管理系统</h2>
<p>请登录或注册以获取更多功能。</p>
<button onclick
="window
.location
.href
='${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/login/login
.jsp'">登录/注册</button>
</div>
<%
}
%>
</div>
<!
-- 底部信息栏
-->
<footer>
<div class
="footer
-content">
<p>©2023 动物园数字档案管理系统</p>
<p>联系我们：info@zoodatabase
.com</p>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
add_animal
.jsp:
<%@ page language
="java" contentType
="text/html;
charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="
UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri
="http://java
.sun
.com/
jsp/jstl/core" prefix
="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>添加动物
- 动物园数字档案管理系统</title>
<link rel
="stylesheet" type
="text/css" href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/css/animal_form
.css">
</head>
<body>
<
jsp:include page
="/header
.jsp"/>
<div class
="container">
<h1>添加新动物</h1>
<form action
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/animal/add" method
="post" enctype
="multipart/form
-data">
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="name">动物名称:</label>
<input type
="text" id
="name" name
="name" required>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="species">种类:</label>
<input type
="text" id
="species" name
="species" required>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="gender">性别:</label>
<select id
="gender" name
="gender" required>
<option value
="">请选择</option>
<option value
="雄">雄</option>
<option value
="雌">雌</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="age">年龄:</label>
<input type
="number" id
="age" name
="age" min
="0" required>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="zone">位置:</label>
<input type
="text" id
="zone" name
="zone" required>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="photo_
url">上传照片:</label>
<input type
="file" id
="photo_
url" name
="photo_
url" multiple>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="nature">性格:</label>
<input type
="text" id
="nature" name
="nature" required>
</div>
<div class
="form
-group">
<label for
="favourite">喜好描述:</label>
<textarea id
="favourite" name
="favourite"></textarea>
</div>
<div class
="form
-actions">
<button type
="submit" class
="btn btn
-primary">添加动物</button>
<a href
="${pageContext
.request.contextPath}/animal/list" class
="btn btn
-secondary">取消</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
注意：查询查的是动物完整的信息（包括图片），添加也要添加动物完整的信息，可以对数据库
插入动物图片。这需要对表进行关联。
请根据我的配置和我给出的添加动物页面add_aniaml
.jsp，用javaee的ssm整合框架实现饲养者和管理者对动物的增删改查，，以及写出对应的
jsp页面：在/animal/目录内，并修改index页面。包括(controller接口,mapper接口,service,serviceimpl和Mapper新配置
)。其中饲养者登录时：显示我的动物导航栏，点击进入页面只能对自己添加的动物进行修改数据和删除，也可以在该页面添加新的动物。而管理者登录时：显示所有动物导航栏，点击进入页面，可以对全部动物信息增删改。饲养者和管理者可以对动物所有信息进行写入。
本文详细解析了JSP/Servlet中pageEncoding、contentType、request.setCharacterEncoding及response.setCharacterEncoding的作用，阐述了如何通过合理设置这些参数避免中文乱码问题。
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