c++交互式执行: inspector-repl
build cling
参考 build cling
llvmRepoUrl=http://root.cern.ch/git/llvm.git
clingRepoUrl=http://root.cern.ch/git/cling.git
clangRepoUrl=http://root.cern.ch/git/clang.git
branch=cling-patches
rD=/app3/inspector-repl-home
llvmD=$rD/llvm.git
llvmToolsD=$llvmD/tools
llvmBldD=$llvmD/build
llvmInstD=$llvmD/inst
mkdir -p $llvmBldD $llvmInstD
git clone -b $branch $llvmRepoUrl $llvmD
#/app3/inspector-repl-home/llvm.git/.git/config
( cd $llvmD ; git checkout $branch ;)
( cd $llvmToolsD ; git clone $clingRepoUrl ;)
#/app3/inspector-repl-home/llvm.git/tools/cling/.git/config
( cd $llvmToolsD ; git clone -b $branch $clangRepoUrl ;)
#/app3/inspector-repl-home/llvm.git/tools/clang/.git/config
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$llvmInstD -B $llvmBldD -S $llvmD
cmake --build $llvmBldD
##
#cmake --build $llvmBldD --target install
build inspector
inspectorRepoUrl=https://github.com/inspector-repl/inspector.git
rD=/app3/inspector-repl-home
inspectorD=$rD/inspector.git
inspectorBldD=$inspectorD/build
git clone $inspectorRepoUrl $inspectorD
mkdir $inspectorBldD
cmake -B $inspectorBldD -S $inspectorD -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="../inst"
cmake --build $inspectorBldD
usage
# bring python bindings
# (requires clang 5/trunk for python3 support, the clang branch from cling is new enough)
# and libclang into path
export PYTHONPATH=$(readlink -f $llvmD/src/tools/clang/bindings/python/)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$(readlink -f $llvmD/inst/lib)
inspectorF=$inspectorBldD/inspector
testSrcF=$inspectorD/test/test.cpp
$inspectorF prebuild $testSrcF
gcc -o test-proc $($inspectorF print-cflags) $testSrcF
# start repl cli
$inspectorF repl
# let program connect to repl
$inspectorBldD/test-proc
gdb搜索内存指定int32
cling交互式
cling (见三、cling编译、使用)
#include <stdint.h>
uint32_t *flag_uint32__ptr=new uint32_t(0xABCCBA02);
#include <stdio.h>
printf("%p\n",flag_uint32__ptr);
pmap -x -p $(pidof cling)
gdb 基本
sudo gdb --pid $(pidof cling)
set pagination off
set logging file /tmp/gdb.log
set logging on
info proc mappings
gdb查看cling进程heap地址范围
echo "info proc mappings" | sudo gdb --pid `pidof cling` | grep heap
# Start Addr End Addr Size Offset Perms objfile
#0x5fa3a43b0000 0x5fa3a4631000 0x281000 0x0 rw-p [heap]
gdb搜索cling进程的heap范围内给定int32
read heap_begin_adr heap_end_adr <<< $( echo "info proc mappings" | sudo gdb --pid `pidof cling` 2>/dev/null | grep heap | awk '{print $1,$2}' )
flag_uint32=0xABCCBA02
echo "find /w $heap_begin_adr,$heap_end_adr, $flag_uint32" | sudo gdb --pid `pidof cling`
demo.cc
//demo.cc
#include <unistd.h> // :sleep
#include <stdint.h> // :uint32_t
#include <stdio.h> // :printf
int main(char** argv, int argc){
uint32_t *flag_uint32__ptr=new uint32_t(0xABCCBA02);
//循环: 休眠、打印
for(int i=0; i<60*60; i+=3){
printf("flag_uint32__ptr:adr=%p,content=0x%X\n",flag_uint32__ptr,*flag_uint32__ptr);
//flag_uint32__ptr:adr=0x63294bc3ceb0,content=0xABCCBA02
sleep(3); // 休眠3秒
}
//结束
return 0;
}
g++ -g -o demo.elf demo.cc && ./demo.elf
gdb搜索demo.elf进程的heap范围内给定int32
#获得进程demo.elf的heap区的地址范围
read heap_begin_adr heap_end_adr <<< $( echo "info proc mappings" | sudo gdb --pid `pidof demo.elf` 2>/dev/null | grep heap | awk '{print $1,$2}' )
flag_uint32=0xABCCBA02
#gdb搜索demo.elf进程给定地址范围(heap区)内的 flag_uint32
echo "find /w $heap_begin_adr,$heap_end_adr, $flag_uint32" | sudo gdb --pid `pidof demo.elf`
#(gdb) 0x63294bc3ceb0
#gdb打印搜索到的地址的内容
echo '''set $flag_uint32__adr=(unsigned int*)0x63294bc3ceb0
printf "*$flag_uint32__adr=0x%X\n",*$flag_uint32__adr
#若 并稍微修改 ，上面的 demo.cc 中循环打印将有对应变化
#(*$flag_uint32__adr)=(*$flag_uint32__adr)+1
''' | sudo gdb --pid `pidof demo.elf`
#(gdb) *$flag_uint32__adr=0xABCCBA02
linux man搜索c结构体定义、c函数定义
man搜索 结构体定义struct sockaddr_un
man -K "struct sockaddr_un {" | grep -A 3 SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
man搜索 函数定义getcwd
man getcwd | grep -A 3 SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size);
三、cling编译、使用
2. cling使用
经过 1. cling编译 后 ，即可使用如下（c++像脚本一样被使用）：
上手 : On-the-fly-C++/ ， cling-cpp-11-interpreter/
中文utf8编码范围
根据: chinsese-character-table.git/unicode中文字符表.txt
unicode编码中文第一个汉字: unicode编码=\u4e00 ---> 汉字=一
unicode编码中文最后一个汉字:unicode编码=\u9FA5 ---> 汉字=龥
std::string stdStr("\u4e00\u9FA5");
stdStr // "一龥"
stdStr.c_str()[0] // (const char) '0xe4'
stdStr.size() // (unsigned long) 6
for(int i=0; i < stdStr.size()+1; i++) printf("%02x ",(unsigned char)(s2.c_str()[i]) );
// e4 b8 80 e9 be a5 00
unicode-utf8编码中文第一个汉字: unicode编码=\u4e00 ----> utf8编码=0xe4_b8_80 ---> 汉字=一
unicode-utf8编码中文最后一个汉字:unicode编码=\u9FA5 ---> utf8编码=0xe9_be_a5 ----> 汉字=龥
由此可知 粗略判断 utf8编码的std::string stdStr首个字符是否为汉字 可以判定此首个字节stdStr.c_str()[0] 是否在范围0xe4~0xe9
hello
/app5/cling-build/bin/cling #进入交互式界面
#也可以脚本样式执行
echo '''
#include <iostream>
std::cout << "hello" << std::endl;
''' | /app5/cling-build/bin/cling
#输出hello
cling无子进程 且 默认只有一个线程
#cling无子进程:
pgrep --parent `pidof cling`
#cling默认只有一个线程:
ls /proc/`pidof cling`/task/ | wc -l # == 1
查函数签名
#include <pthread.h>
pthread //tab tab 后 有相关结构体补全
pthread_create //回车后有函数签名
/*
(int (*)(pthread_t *__restrict, const pthread_attr_t *__restrict, void *(*)(void *), void *__restrict) noexcept(true)) Function @0x7d1d8a494c40
at /usr/include/pthread.h:202:
extern int pthread_create (pthread_t *__restrict __newthread,
const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
void *(*__start_routine) (void *),
void *__restrict __arg) __THROWNL __nonnull ((1, 3))
*/
c++ std 文本文件按行读取
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
std::string ln;
std::vector<std::string> lnVec;
std::ifstream ifile("f1.txt");
if(!ifile.is_open()) exit(1);
ifile.fail(); //false
while(true){
std::getline(ifile,ln);
if(ifile.fail()){ break; }
lnVec.push_back(ln);
}
ifile.fail(); //true
lnVec;// (std::vector<std::string> &) { "aaaa", "bbb", "ccc" }
ifile.close();
ifile.is_open(); //false
mmap
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int fsize=1024;
int fd = open("my_map_file", O_RDWR|O_CREAT,0666); // 正常: 非-1
ftruncate(fd, fsize); // 正常: 0
void * map = mmap(NULL, fsize, PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); // 正常: 非MAP_FAILED
((char*)map)[0]='a';
((char*)map)[1]='b';
munmap(map,fsize); // 正常: 0
close(fd); // 正常: 0
ls -l my_map_file # == 1024
cat my_map_file # == ab
.help
/app5/cling-build/bin/cling 进入交互式界面
****************** CLING ******************
* Type C++ code and press enter to run it *
* Type .q to exit *
*******************************************
[cling]$ .help
Cling (C/C++ interpreter) meta commands usage
All commands must be preceded by a '.', except
for the evaluation statement { }
==============================================================================
Syntax: .Command [arg0 arg1 ... argN]
.L <filename> - Load the given file or library
.(x|X) <filename>[(args)] - Same as .L and runs a function with
signature: ret_type filename(args)
.> <filename> - Redirect command to a given file
'>' or '1>' - Redirects the stdout stream only
'2>' - Redirects the stderr stream only
'&>' (or '2>&1') - Redirects both stdout and stderr
'>>' - Appends to the given file
.undo [n] - Unloads the last 'n' inputs lines
.U <filename> - Unloads the given file
.(I|include) [path] - Shows all include paths. If a path is given,
adds the path to the include paths.
.O <level> - Sets the optimization level (0-3)
If no level is given, prints the current setting.
.class <name> - Prints out class <name> in a CINT-like style (one-level).
If no name is given, prints out list of all classes.
.Class <name> - Prints out class <name> in a CINT-like style (all-levels).
If no name is given, prints out list of all classes.
.namespace - Prints list of all known namespaces
.typedef <name> - Prints out typedef <name> in a CINT-like style
If no name is given, prints out list of all typedefs.
.files - Prints names of all included (parsed) files
.fileEx - Prints out included (parsed) file statistics
as well as a list of their names
.g <var> - Prints out information about global variable
'var' - if no name is given, print them all
.@ - Cancels and ignores the multiline input
.rawInput [0|1] - Toggle wrapping and printing the
execution results of the input
.dynamicExtensions [0|1] - Toggles the use of the dynamic scopes
and the late binding
.debug <level> - Generates debug symbols (level is optional, 0 to disable)
.printDebug [0|1] - Toggles the printing of input's corresponding
state changes
.storeState <filename> - Store the interpreter's state to a given file
.compareState <filename> - Compare the interpreter's state with the one
saved in a given file
.stats [name] - Show stats for internal data structures
'ast' abstract syntax tree stats
'asttree [filter]' abstract syntax tree layout
'decl' dump ast declarations
'undo' show undo stack
.T <filePath> <comment> - Generate autoload map
.trace <repr> <id> - Dump trace of requested respresentation
(see .stats arguments for <repr>)
.help - Shows this information (also .?)
.q - Exit the program
1. cling编译
vgvassilev/cling.git/readme.md/编译步骤
binD=/app5/cling-build
mkdir $binD
D=/app5/llvm-home
mkdir $D
#欧洲高能物理数据分析 ROOT
git clone https://github.com/root-project/llvm-project.git $D
#/app5/llvm-home/llvm-project/.git/config
llvmD=$D/llvm-project # == /app5/llvm-home/llvm-project
git clone https://github.com/root-project/cling.git $D
#/app5/llvm-home/cling/.git/config
clingD=$D/cling # == /app5/llvm-home/cling
#配置
cmake -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS=cling -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_CLING_SOURCE_DIR=$clingD -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang" -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="host;NVPTX" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release $llvmD/llvm
#命令展开: cmake -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS=cling -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_CLING_SOURCE_DIR=/app5/llvm-home/cling -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang" -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="host;" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release /app5/llvm-home/llvm-project/llvm
#编译clang
cmake --build $binD --target clang -j10
#编译cling
cmake --build $binD --target cling -j10
issues/531#issuecomment-2337234891
所用版本
#/app5/llvm-home/llvm-project/.git/config
#llvmD=$D/llvm-project # == /app5/llvm-home/llvm-project
git --git-dir=$llvmD/.git rev-parse HEAD # == 66d752c5c714ac57b468e1b4d62a52f9207b5d44
git --git-dir=$llvmD/.git branch # == ROOT-llvm18
git --git-dir=$llvmD/.git --no-pager log --format=oneline | head -n 1
#66d752c5c714ac57b468e1b4d62a52f9207b5d44 Do not install {Clang,Cling}Config.cmake in the project lib dir.
#/app5/llvm-home/cling/.git/config
#clingD=$D/cling # == /app5/llvm-home/cling
git --git-dir=$clingD/.git rev-parse HEAD # == 1d4925536b9f89015ad2afdc24e260207dd69ebb
git --git-dir=$clingD/.git branch # == master
git --git-dir=$clingD/.git --no-pager log --format=oneline | head -n 1
#1d4925536b9f89015ad2afdc24e260207dd69ebb Move static init function renaming to `BackendPasses.cpp`
1B. cling编译备忘
若不编译clang会报错 resource directory /app5/llvm-home/cling-build/lib/clang/18 not found!
cd /app5/llvm-home/cling-build/
./bin/cling
ERROR in cling::CIFactory::createCI():
resource directory /app5/llvm-home/cling-build/lib/clang/18 not found!
****************** CLING ******************
* Type C++ code and press enter to run it *
* Type .q to exit *
*******************************************
[cling]$ .q
1C. cling运行依赖
/app5/cling-build/bin/cling
-
/app5/llvm-home/cling/include/cling/**.h -
sudo apt install -y build-essential
cling-官方编译好的
夜间编译 / 2020-Dec-17-cling-Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64-0.8.dev-c054ac2.tar.bz2
上手 : On-the-fly-C++/ ， cling-cpp-11-interpreter/
cat /etc/issue # == Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS \n \l
aria2c --all-proxy=http://westgw:7890 https://github.com/vgvassilev/cling/releases/download/cling-nightlies/2020-Dec-17-cling-Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64-0.8.dev-c054ac2.tar.bz2
tar -jxf 2020-Dec-17-cling-Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64-0.8.dev-c054ac2.tar.bz2
cling_D=/app5/cling-Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64-0.8~dev-c054ac2
export PATH_BASE=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PATH=$PATH_BASE:$jdk8_d/bin:$cling_D/bin
which cling # == /app5/cling-Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64-0.8~dev-c054ac2/bin/cling
cling运行报错， 估计 原因是 这cling 是基于ubuntu16编译的， 而我这是ubuntu22
ERROR in cling::CIFactory::createCI(): cannot extract standard library include paths!
Invoking:
LC_ALL=C g++-5 -O3 -DNDEBUG -xc++ -E -v /dev/null 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/^.include/,${' -e '/^ \/.*++/p' -e '}'
Results was:
With exit code 0
input_line_1:1:10: fatal error: 'new' file not found
#include <new>
^~~~~
Warning in cling::IncrementalParser::CheckABICompatibility():
Failed to extract C++ standard library version.
****************** CLING ******************
* Type C++ code and press enter to run it *
* Type .q to exit *
*******************************************
[cling]$ .q
欧洲高能物理数据分析 ROOT内置的cling
改为用 高能物理数据分析 ROOT / root_v6.34.02.Linux-ubuntu22.04-x86_64-gcc11.4.tar.gz 其内置了cling
结论: rootcling bare-cling 没有交互式界面， 直接退出了
aria2c https://root.cern/download/root_v6.34.02.Linux-ubuntu22.04-x86_64-gcc11.4.tar.gz
tar -xf root_v6.34.02.Linux-ubuntu22.04-x86_64-gcc11.4.tar.gz
#清理PATH
export PATH_BASE=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PATH=$PATH_BASE
rootD=/app5/root_v6.34.02.Linux-ubuntu22.04-x86_64-gcc11.4
#激活 高能物理ROOT 环境
source $rootD/bin/thisroot.sh
#命令展开: source /app5/root_v6.34.02.Linux-ubuntu22.04-x86_64-gcc11.4/bin/thisroot.sh
echo $PATH #== $rootD/bin:$PATH_BASE
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH # == $rootD/lib
echo $ROOTSYS # == $rootD
which rootcling # == $rootD/bin/rootcling
rootcling --help-list | grep bare
#bare-cling - Call directly cling and exit.
rootcling bare-cling #没有交互式界面， 直接退出了
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