SpringBoot 配置log4j2

于 2019-05-22 09:42:41 发布
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分类专栏： Spring Log
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/herhun_chen/article/details/90437753
本文指导如何将SpringBoot应用从LogBack切换到log4j2。首先介绍了生成SpringBoot应用的过程，然后展示了项目结构。接着，详细说明了如何在application.properties中配置原始的日志文件路径。最后，通过添加log4j2依赖和创建log4j2.xml配置文件，成功实现了应用的日志系统转换。

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Generate a Springbook application:

$spring init -dweb demo
$ cd demo

Add a new class DemoCtrl.java

cat src/main/java/com/ctrl/DemoCtrl.java
 package com.ctrl;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo/ctrl")
public class DemoCtrl {

    @GetMapping
    public String demoCtrlGet(){
        return "This is a demo - about the RESTFul Get request.";
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/gen")
    public String generateLog(){
        return "Generate log. You can try /gen/echo";
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/gen/{echo}")
    public String generateLog(@PathVariable String echo){
        return echo;
    }
}

Add an anotation @ComponentScan(basePackages = {“com.ctrl”}) to class DemoApplication.java

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ctrl"})
public class DemoApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
	}
}

Project structure:

├── pom.xml
├── REAME.MD
└── src
    └── main
        ├── java
        │   └── com
        │       ├── ctrl
        │       │   └── DemoCtrl.java
        │       └── example
        │           └── demo
        │               └── DemoApplication.java
        └── resources
            ├── application.properties
            ├── log4j2.xml
            ├── static
            └── templates

Configure original log file path(LogBack)

Change ./src/main/application.properties. Add following line:

logging.file=${sys:user.home}/logback.log

The log will be printed to $HOME/logfile.log
Let take a look at the dependencies:

$ mvn dependency:tree
...
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------------------< com.example:demo >--------------------------
[INFO] Building demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:3.1.1:tree (default-cli) @ demo ---
[INFO] com.example:demo:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO]    |  +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:runtime
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    +- org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.16.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.277 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-04-17T03:41:45-04:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Change to lo4j2

Be we do any changes, let’s take a look at the pom.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/>
		<!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

It looks pretty simple. Let’s add log4j2 dependencies as following:

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		<exclusions>
			<exclusion>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
			</exclusion>
		</exclusions>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

Check the dependencies:

$ mvn dependency:tree
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by com.google.inject.internal.cglib.core.$ReflectUtils$1 (file:/usr/share/maven/lib/guice.jar) to method java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(java.lang.String,byte[],int,int,java.security.ProtectionDomain)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of com.google.inject.internal.cglib.core.$ReflectUtils$1
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------------------< com.example:demo >--------------------------
[INFO] Building demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:3.1.1:tree (default-cli) @ demo ---
[INFO] com.example:demo:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:runtime
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-log4j2:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j-impl:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-jul:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    +- org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.16.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile

This is not enough, we have to add log4j2.xml under the resources directory.(This file comes from here)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN" monitorInterval="30">
    <Appenders>
        <!-- 输出到控制台 -->
        <Console name="STDOUT" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <!-- 
                %d 日期
                %p 日志级别
                %c 输出所属的类目，通常就是所在类的全名 
                [%t] 线程
                - %m 输出代码中指定的消息
                %n  换行
                %L : 日志输出所在行数
                %M : 日志输出所在方法名:q!
        	 -->
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d %p %c [%t] - %m%n"/>
        </Console>

        <!-- 这个会打印出所有的info及以下级别的信息，每次大小超过size，则这size大小的日志会自动存入按年份-月份-日建立的文件夹下面并进行压缩，作为存档 -->
        <RollingFile name="RollingFileInfo" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/info.log" filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/provider/${date:yyyy-MM-dd}/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz">
            <!--控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息（onMatch），其他的直接拒绝（onMismatch） -->
            <ThresholdFilter level="info" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY" />
            <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n" />
            <Policies>
                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB" />
                <!-- 切割文件的话最多切割多少个 -->
                <DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20"/>
            </Policies>
        </RollingFile>

        <!-- 按照天来存储，过了这天的东西会被保存为压缩包,并且配置了大小分割 -->
        <RollingFile name="InfoFileAppender" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/info.log" filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/provider/${date:yyyy-MM-dd}/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p %c:%L [%t] - %m%n"/>
            <Policies>
                <!-- 时间滚动策略，默认1小时 -->
                <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy modulate="true" interval="24"/>
            </Policies>
        </RollingFile>


    </Appenders>

    <!--然后定义logger，只有定义了logger并引入的appender，appender才会生效-->
    <Loggers>
        <Logger name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlValueStack" level="ERROR"/>
        <logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO"></logger>
        <logger name="org.mybatis" level="INFO"></logger>
        <Logger name="net.sf.ehcache" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="com.alisoft.xplatform.asf" level="WARN"/>
        <Logger name="com.mbi" level="ERROR"/>
        <Logger name="net.mlw" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="java.sql" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="org.hibernate.type" level="ERROR"/>
        <Logger name="com.opensymphony.webwork" level="ERROR"/>
        <Logger name="org.apache" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="org.jgroups" level="WARN"/>
        <Logger name="org.jboss.axis" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="org.jboss.management" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="org.apache.commons.httpclient" level="ERROR"/>
        <Logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO"/>
        <Logger name="org.springboot" level="INFO" />

        <!-- 缺省日志级别，如果package有定制级别，则按package的定制级别走，即使package级别更低 -->
        <Root level="INFO">
            <AppenderRef ref="STDOUT"/>
            <AppenderRef ref="RollingFileInfo"/>
            <!-- <AppenderRef ref="InfoFileAppender"/> -->
        </Root>
    </Loggers>

</Configuration>
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