Linux标准分区扩容

业务需要，为CentOS虚拟机扩容硬盘。因为原系统的硬盘为标准分区，未启用lvm，计划将新增的硬盘按lvm分区管理，将原来业务数据复制到新分区后，再把原来的标准分区转换成pv添加到新分区中，整体实现扩容。

以下是测试操作过程：

硬盘扩容测试截屏。
原始磁盘/dev/sdb 5GB；/data2
新增磁盘/dev/sdc 5GB; /data_ext

##查看磁盘设备情况：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# lsblk
NAME               MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                  8:0    0   30G  0 disk
├─sda1               8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2               8:2    0   29G  0 part
  ├─openeuler-root 253:0    0   27G  0 lvm  /
  └─openeuler-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb                  8:16   0    5G  0 disk /data2
sdc                  8:32   0    5G  0 disk
sr0                 11:0    1  3.8G  0 rom

##用新增的磁盘创建物理卷：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.

##创建名为“data_vg”的卷组：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# vgcreate data_vg /dev/sdc
  Volume group "data_vg" successfully created

##查看物理卷：（/dev/sda2是原来系统自带的，可以忽略）
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc
  VG Name               data_vg
  PV Size               5.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              1279
  Free PE               1279
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               ygli6a-Fj5r-SSwI-armF-A8Up-Qu1G-7HjEtl

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               openeuler
  PV Size               <29.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              7423
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          7423
  PV UUID               ywETQQ-Siqv-Df5U-bOlm-e3kb-Qqgw-9G7CUs

##在“data_vg”上创建逻辑卷“data_lv”
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# lvcreate -n data_lv -l +100%FREE data_vg
  Logical volume "data_lv" created.

##查看逻辑卷
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# lvs
  LV      VG        Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  data_lv data_vg   -wi-a-----  <5.00g
  root    openeuler -wi-ao---- <26.98g
  swap    openeuler -wi-ao----  <2.02g

##查看新建逻辑卷的设备文件：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# ls /dev/mapper/
control  data_vg-data_lv  openeuler-root  openeuler-swap

##将逻辑卷格式化成ext4文件系统：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/mapper/data_vg-data_lv
mke2fs 1.46.4 (18-Aug-2021)
Creating filesystem with 1309696 4k blocks and 327680 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 77f06a4e-871f-4c85-8dbb-fe8869e1b075
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

##创建文件系统挂载点目录“/data_ext”并挂载：
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# mkdir /data_ext
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/data_vg-data_lv /data_ext
[root@OpenEuler1 ~]# cd /data_ext/
[root@OpenEuler1 data_ext]# ls
lost+found

##编辑系统文件“/etc/fstab”,设置系统自动挂载（/dev/mapper/data_vg-data_lv     /data_ext       ext4 defaults   1 1）：
[root@OpenEuler1 data_ext]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@OpenEuler1 data_ext]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Jul  3 01:51:15 2024
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.