状态机在RPG游戏中的应用举例_回合制状态机-优快云博客

本文探讨了状态机在角色扮演游戏(RPG)中的应用，分别介绍了Moore和Mealy状态机的区别，并强调了有限状态机在设计中包含的状态、事件、转换和动作要素。以RPG中的城门为例，详细阐述了不同状态（如Opened、Closed、Unlocked、Locked）以及对应事件（openDoor, closeDoor, lockDoor, unlockDoor）如何驱动状态转换和执行相关动作。" 139514343,9849913,2024年全国青少信息素养大赛图形化编程集训题解析,"['青少儿信息素养', '图形化编程', '编程挑战', '复赛', '逻辑运算']

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

状态机分两种：

(1) Moore状态机: 输出只和当前所处状态有关，而与输入的内容无关。

(2) Mealy状态机：输出与当前所处状态和输入的内容均有关。

状态机要求必须有终节点，当到达综态时，状态机停止。

有限状态机 = 状态 + 事件 + 转换 + 动作

例如RPG中的城门：

状态：Opened，Closed，Unlocked，Locked

事件：openDoor,closeDoor,lockDoor,unlockDoor

转换：两个状态之间的变换；

动作：可以执行的原子操作。

State.java

package hello;

public enum State {
	OPENED,
	CLOSED,
	LOCKED,
	UNLOCKED
}

Event.java

public enum Event {
	open,
	close,
	lock,
	unlock
}

FsmState.java

package hello;

/**
 * 城门状态机
 * @author henry
 *
 */
public class FsmState {

	/**
	 * 当前所处状态
	 */
	private State state;
	
	public FsmState() {
		this.state = State.OPENED;
	}
	
	public void enterOpened() {
		System.out.println("enterOpened");
	}

	public void enterLocked() {
		System.out.println("enterLocked");
	}

	public void enterUnlocked() {
		System.out.println("enterUnlocked");
	}

	public void enterClosed() {
		System.out.println("enterClosed");
	}

	/**
	 * 处理事件
	 * @param e
	 */
	public void processEvent(Event e) {
		State oldState = state;
		boolean pass = false;
		switch (state) {
		case CLOSED : {
			if (e == Event.open) {
				state = State.OPENED;
				pass = true;
			} else if (e == Event.lock) {
				state = State.LOCKED;
				pass = true;
			}
		} break;
		case UNLOCKED : {
			if (e == Event.lock) {
				state = State.LOCKED;
				pass = true;
			} else if (e == Event.open){
				state = State.OPENED;
				pass = true;
			}
		} break;
		case LOCKED : {
			if (e == Event.unlock) {
				state = State.UNLOCKED;
				pass = true;
			}
		} break;
		case OPENED : {
			if (e == Event.close) {
				state = State.CLOSED;
				pass = true;
			}
		} break;
		default : break;
		}
		
		if (oldState == state && !pass) {
			return;
		}
		
		switch (state) {
		case CLOSED : {
			enterClosed();
		} break;
		case UNLOCKED : {
			enterUnlocked();
		} break;
		case LOCKED : {
			enterLocked();
		} break;
		case OPENED : {
			enterOpened();
		} break;
		default : break;
		}
	}
}

Test.java

package hello;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FsmState doorState = new FsmState();
		doorState.processEvent(Event.close);
		doorState.processEvent(Event.lock);
		doorState.processEvent(Event.unlock);
		doorState.processEvent(Event.open);
	}
}

输出结果：

enterClosed
enterLocked
enterUnlocked
enterOpened