IDE/SCSI/VIRTIO区别

本文对比了IDE、SCSI及VIRTIO三种不同虚拟磁盘类型在虚拟系统中的写入性能。IDE提供较慢的写入速度,SCSI则提供较快的写入速度,而VIRTIO能提供最快的写入速度,但需要安装额外的驱动程序。

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IDE - Slow Write in the Guest System
SCSI - Faster Write(as IDE) in Guest System
VIRTIO - Fastest Write (more that SCSI and IDE) in the Guest System, but only with extra Drivers (In Guest)

### Virtio 1.1 Specification and Implementation Details Virtio is a standard for network and disk device drivers where just the guest needs to be aware of virtualization; therefore, it provides near-native performance levels while maintaining portability across hypervisors[^1]. The virtio specification version 1.1 introduces several improvements over previous versions including enhanced features such as support for more devices like GPU, input devices, crypto offload, RNG (Random Number Generator), and others. #### Key Features Introduced in Virtio 1.1 - **Device Types Expansion**: Beyond traditional block and network devices, new types have been added. - **Transport Layer Enhancements**: Support has been extended beyond PCI-based transports to include MMIO (Memory-Mapped I/O) transport layers which are particularly useful on platforms without PCIe infrastructure or when emulating older hardware architectures. - **Configuration Space Changes**: A richer configuration space allows guests better control over device settings through standardized interfaces rather than relying solely upon vendor-specific mechanisms. Below demonstrates how one might configure a Linux system using QEMU/KVM with virtio: ```bash qemu-system-x86_64 \ -m 2048 \ -smp 2 \ -drive file=disk.img,if=virtio \ -netdev user,id=vmnic \ -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=vmnic \ -enable-kvm ``` In this example, `-drive` specifies that `disk.img` should use the virtio driver instead of IDE/SCSI alternatives. Similarly, `-device virtio-net-pci` tells QEMU to emulate a virtio-compatible NIC connected via PCI bus. For implementing custom changes according to specific requirements based on virtio specifications, developers would typically modify source code within projects supporting virtio standards—such as QEMU—or contribute patches upstream following community guidelines. To interactively explore available options related to loading modules dynamically during runtime, commands similar to those mentioned can prove helpful: ```bash modinfo -p virtio_pci cat /sys/module/virtio_pci/parameters/* ``` These allow viewing current parameter values set for loaded modules providing insight into possible tuning opportunities depending on workload characteristics.
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