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本章简要地介绍用户空间应用程序与内核通信或读取内核输出信息的主要机制. 概述: 内核通过各种不同的接口把内部信息输出到用户空间.除了程序员用于请求信息的经典系统调用(system call)外,还有三个特殊的接口,两个是虚拟文件系统,剩下的一个是系统调用. 1)procfs(/pro文件系统) 这是一个虚拟文件系统,通常是挂载在/目录下,/proc.它允许内核以文件的形式向用户空间输出内部信

先看这样一段程序:#include <netinet/in.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#define BUFFSIZE 150int main(){ struct sockaddr_in serv; char buff[BUF

A fundamental concept in the design of the Berkeley networking code is the memory buffer, called an mbuf, used throughout the networking code to hold various pieces of information.Mbuf Containing Socke

Input processing is different from the output processing just described because the input is asynchronous. T**hat is, the reception of an input packet is triggered by a receive-complete interrupt to th

Introduction Networking protocols place many demands on the memeory management facilities of the kernel. These demands include easily manipulating buffers of varying sizes, prepending and appending da