Android系统UI显示图层控制方法

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-18 03:38:55 发布

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#Android #framework #WindowManager #LayoutParams

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本文探讨了Android系统中UI显示图层的控制，主要涉及WindowManager和LayoutParams的角色。通过调整Window的类型和布局属性，可以实现不同界面的图层优先级设置。此外，介绍了使用adb shell命令来查看Window的layer，如`dumpsys -l`、`dumpsys window`和`dumpsys SurfaceFlinger`，以帮助理解界面的显示顺序。

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做系统层开发，往往会遇到UI显示图层的一些设置，比如一些界面可以直接被其他界面遮挡，有些界面只能被部分界面遮挡，甚至有些界面需要置顶不被任何界面遮挡；每个界面就是一个Window（窗口），是Window就受WindowManager管理，WindowManager中存在对应的LayoutParams（布局属性），通过设置这些属性可以控制Window的类型，Window的类型中自然就包含其显示图层的控制。

说到这儿我还想谈谈自己对Window的理解，顾名思义它就是一个窗口，这个窗口里面可以包含一些布局，布局中又可以包含一些View控件，整个组成一个可以展示出来供人交互的界面。Android的界面显示是一个三维空间，x,y轴控制需要展示的界面的大小，z轴控制界面显示的图层，这就存在界面显示优先级的说法了。

下面简单的介绍下Window的优先级的设置方法：

private Window mWindow;

mWindow = getWindow();

mWindow.setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG); // 各种参数的优先级级别请参考下面Android源码

adb shell进去执行以下指令可以看到Window所在layer：

dumpsys -l ：列出所有可以查看的类型

dumpsys window ：列出所有正在运行的window相关参数，Surface: shown=true layer=161000 alpha=1.0 rect=(0.0,0.0) 1920.0 x 1.0参数有图层的大小

dumpsys SurfaceFlinger ：界面显示的层叠关系会必现的比较直观

        /**
         * Start of window types that represent normal application windows.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 1;
        
        /**
         * Window type: an application window that serves as the "base" window
         * of the overall application; all other application windows will
         * appear on top of it.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION   = 1;
        
        /**
         * Window type: a normal application window.  The {@link #token} must be
         * an Activity token identifying who the window belongs to.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION        = 2;
    
        /**
         * Window type: special application window that is displayed while the
         * application is starting.  Not for use by applications themselves;
         * this is used by the system to display something until the
         * application can show its own windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING = 3;
    
        /**
         * End of types of application windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 99;
    
        /**
         * Start of types of sub-windows.  The {@link #token} of these windows
         * must be set to the window they are attached to.  These types of
         * windows are kept next to their attached window in Z-order, and their
         * coordinate space is relative to their attached window.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_SUB_WINDOW        = 1000;
    
        /**
         * Window type: a panel on top of an application window.  These windows
         * appear on top of their attached window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL  = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW;
    
        /**
         * Window type: window for showing media (such as video).  These windows
         * are displayed behind their attached window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA  = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW+1;
    
        /**
         * Window type: a sub-panel on top of an application window.  These
         * windows are displayed on top their attached window and any
         * {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL} panels.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW+2;

        /** Window type: like {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL}, but layout
         * of the window happens as that of a top-level window, <em>not</em>
         * as a child of its container.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW+3;
        
        /**
         * Window type: window for showing overlays on top of media windows.
         * These windows are displayed between TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA and the
         * application window.  They should be translucent to be useful.  This
         * is a big ugly hack so:
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA_OVERLAY  = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW+4;
    
        /**
         * End of types of sub-windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_SUB_WINDOW         = 1999;
        
        /**
         * Start of system-specific window types.  These are not normally
         * created by applications.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW     = 2000;
    
        /**
         * Window type: the status bar.  There can be only one status bar
         * window; it is placed at the top of the screen, and all other
         * windows are shifted down so they are below it.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW;
    
        /**
         * Window type: the search bar.  There can be only one search bar
         * window; it is placed at the top of the screen.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SEARCH_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+1;
    
        /**
         * Window type: phone.  These are non-application windows providing
         * user interaction with the phone (in particular incoming calls).
         * These windows are normally placed above all applications, but behind
         * the status bar.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_PHONE              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+2;
    
        /**
         * Window type: system window, such as low power alert. These windows
         * are always on top of application windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+3;
        
        /**
         * Window type: keyguard window.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD           = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+4;
        
        /**
         * Window type: transient notifications.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_TOAST              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+5;
        
        /**
         * Window type: system overlay windows, which need to be displayed
         * on top of everything else.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+6;
        
        /**
         * Window type: priority phone UI, which needs to be displayed even if
         * the keyguard is active.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+7;
        
        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG      = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+8;
    
        /**
         * Window type: dialogs that the keyguard shows
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG    = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+9;
        
        /**
         * Window type: internal system error windows, appear on top of
         * everything they can.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+10;
        
        /**
         * Window type: internal input methods windows, which appear above
         * the normal UI.  Application windows may be resized or panned to keep
         * the input focus visible while this window is displayed.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+11;

        /**
         * Window type: internal input methods dialog windows, which appear above
         * the current input method window.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG= FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+12;

        /**
         * Window type: wallpaper window, placed behind any window that wants
         * to sit on top of the wallpaper.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_WALLPAPER          = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+13;

        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from over the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL   = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+14;

        /**
         * Window type: secure system overlay windows, which need to be displayed
         * on top of everything else.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         *
         * This is exactly like {@link #TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY} except that only the
         * system itself is allowed to create these overlays.  Applications cannot
         * obtain permission to create secure system overlays.
         *
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+15;

        /**
         * Window type: the drag-and-drop pseudowindow.  There is only one
         * drag layer (at most), and it is placed on top of all other windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DRAG               = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+16;

        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from under the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+17;

        /**
         * Window type: (mouse) pointer
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_POINTER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+18;

        /**
         * Window type: Navigation bar (when distinct from status bar)
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+19;

        /**
         * Window type: The volume level overlay/dialog shown when the user
         * changes the system volume.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+20;

        /**
         * Window type: The boot progress dialog, goes on top of everything
         * in the world.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+21;

        /**
         * Window type: Fake window to consume touch events when the navigation
         * bar is hidden.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_HIDDEN_NAV_CONSUMER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+22;

        /**
         * Window type: Dreams (screen saver) window, just above keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DREAM = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+23;

        /**
         * Window type: Navigation bar panel (when navigation bar is distinct from status bar)
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+24;

        /**
         * Window type: Behind the universe of the real windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_UNIVERSE_BACKGROUND = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+25;

        /**
         * Window type: Display overlay window.  Used to simulate secondary display devices.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+26;

        /**
         * Window type: Magnification overlay window. Used to highlight the magnified
         * portion of a display when accessibility magnification is enabled.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+27;

        /**
         * Window type: Recents. Same layer as {@link #TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG} but only appears on
         * one user's screen.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_RECENTS_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+28;


        /**
         * Window type: keyguard scrim window. Shows if keyguard needs to be restarted.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_SCRIM           = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+29;

        /**
         * Window type: Window for Presentation on top of private
         * virtual display.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+30;

        /**
         * End of types of system windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW      = 2999;