如何在Spring中集成mybatis并实现对数据库的操作_集成组件实现数据库操作的方法有哪些-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/h1025372645/article/details/91866257

本文详细介绍如何在Spring框架下整合MyBatis，包括搭建项目环境、配置数据库连接、实现DAO层操作及测试过程，同时对比两种不同的DAO层实现方式。

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准备工作

1.建立Maven管理的Spring项目，可参考下面的链接

https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/h1025372645/article/details/91125742

项目结构如下

2：为项目添加jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.hyx</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--各个jar包的版本号-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.3.10.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.4</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.3.1</mybatis.spring.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.35</fastjson.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>1.9.13</jackson.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.3</commons-fileupload.version>
        <commons-io.version>2.5</commons-io.version>
        <commons-codec.version>1.10</commons-codec.version>
        <aspectjweaver.version>1.8.10</aspectjweaver.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.34</mysql.version>
    </properties>


    <!--jar包-->
    <dependencies>

        <!-- spring包 core、web、oxm、tx、jdbc、webmvc、aop、context、test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 导入c3p0的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- json和bean之间相互转换 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 文件上传组件包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-codec.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>${aspectjweaver.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0-b07</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


    <!--maven项目-->
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <!--指定需要加载的配置文件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

3：准备必须配置文件

applicationContext.xml -----Spring配置文件

db.properties -----数据库连接配置文件

log4j.properties -----日志输出配置文件

sqlMapconfig.xml -----Mybatis配置文件

4：准备操作数据库

具体实现

方法一：原始方法开发DAO层

首先理清思路，即每一个类的依赖关系与要做的事情

Mybatis需要干的事情：

DAO接口

DAO接口实现：继承SqlSessionDaoSupport，可以获取SQLSession，导致DAO依赖

SQLSessionFactory

配置信息（user.xml）

核心配置文件：

加载配置信息

别名

Spring要干的事情

读取数据库配置信息

为C3P0添加数据源

注册SqlSessionFactoryBean

实体对象： Dao 依赖sqlSessionFactory

步骤1：创建实体类User与User.xml执行sql语句，注意此时的两个文件没有任何联系

User.class对应数据库中的user表

package com.hyx.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;// 用户姓名
    private String sex;// 性别
    private Date birthday;// 生日
    private String address;// 地址

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String sex, Date birthday, String address) {
        this.username = username;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", username='" + username + '\'' + ", sex='" + sex + '\'' + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", address='" + address + '\'' + '}';
    }
}

User.xml 执行sql语句

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace:命名空间，对SQL进行分类管理，SQL隔离-->
<mapper namespace="user">
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
         select  * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

步骤2：写DAO层中的UserDao接口与它的实现类

UserDao.interface

package com.hyx.dao;

import com.hyx.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {
    /**
     * 得到用户通过id
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User getUserById(Integer id);
}

UserDaoImpl.class

package com.hyx.dao.impl;

import com.hyx.dao.UserDao;
import com.hyx.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport;

public class UserDaoImpl extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserDao {
    //在创建DAO的时候，需要传递工厂

    @Override
    public User getUserById(Integer id) {
        SqlSession sqlSession =this.getSqlSession();
        User ser = sqlSession.selectOne("user.findUserById",id);
        return ser;
    }
}

步骤3：写Mybatis配置文件sqlMapconfig.xml，注册User.xml并为实体类起别名

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--起别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.hyx.entity"></package>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--注册xml文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/hyx/entity/User.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

步骤4：写Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--beans中添加了许多约束，即像url一样的代码，其作用就是约束该.xml文件中可以使用哪些标签-->
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">


    <!--1：读取数据库配置型db.properties-->
    <!--读取配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--2: dataSource:C3P0连接池-->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3: 注册SqlSessionFactory，读取mybatis配置文件，并获取连接-->
    <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapconfig.xml"></property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--4: 注册实体类-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.hyx.entity.User">
    </bean>

    <!--5 :注册DAO层实现类-->
    <bean name="userDao" class="com.hyx.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

db.properties文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis01?characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123

log4j.properties日志输出文件

# Global logging configuration
#在开发环境下日志级别设置为debug，生产环境下设置成info或error
log4j.rootLogger=error, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

开始测试，是否成功，test Demo01.class

package com.hyx.test;

import com.hyx.dao.UserDao;
import com.hyx.entity.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Demo01 {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Test
    public void fun() {
        User us = userDao.getUserById(10);
        System.out.println(us);
    }
}

测试成功

方式二：Mapper代理开发方式

Mybatis需要干的事情：

接口和配置文件修改namespace 配置文件只剩下一个别名了，

Spring需要干的事情：

Mapper对象需要管理

单个单个写

批量扫描

步骤1：在mapper包中新建文件UserMapper.interface与UserMapper.xml，此时俩文件有关系

UserMapper.interface

package com.hyx.mapper;


import com.hyx.entity.User;

public interface UserMapper {
    /**
     * 根据用户ID查询用户
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User findUserById(Integer id);
}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace:命名空间，对SQL进行分类管理，SQL隔离-->
<mapper namespace="com.hyx.mapper.UserMapper">


    <!--查询用户列表：主键查询-->
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="int"  resultType="User">
        select  * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>



</mapper>

步骤2：修改Mybatis配置sqlMapconfig.xml文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--起别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.hyx.entity"></package>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

步骤3：修改Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--beans中添加了许多约束，即像url一样的代码，其作用就是约束该.xml文件中可以使用哪些标签-->
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">


    <!--1：读取数据库配置型db.properties-->
    <!--读取配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--2: dataSource:C3P0连接池-->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3: 注册SqlSessionFactory，读取mybatis配置文件，并获取连接-->
    <bean name="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapconfig.xml"></property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--4: 注册实体类-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.hyx.entity.User">
    </bean>

    <!--5:mapper代理实现，单个注册-->
   <bean name="userMapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
       <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
       <property name="mapperInterface" value="com.hyx.mapper.UserMapper"></property>
   </bean>

</beans>

步骤4：开始测试test Demo02

package com.hyx.test;

import com.hyx.dao.UserDao;
import com.hyx.entity.User;
import com.hyx.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Demo02 {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Test
    public void fun() {
        User us = userMapper.findUserById(10);
        System.out.println(us);
    }
}

测试成功

步骤5：批量注册Mapper

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--beans中添加了许多约束，即像url一样的代码，其作用就是约束该.xml文件中可以使用哪些标签-->
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
							http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">


    <!--1：读取数据库配置型db.properties-->
    <!--读取配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--2: dataSource:C3P0连接池-->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3: 注册SqlSessionFactory，读取mybatis配置文件，并获取连接-->
    <bean name="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapconfig.xml"></property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--4: 注册实体类-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.hyx.entity.User">
    </bean>

    <!--5:mapper代理实现，批量注册-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.hyx.mapper"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>