转载请注明出处:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/guoyjoe/article/details/12204587
正确答案:A
重现ORA-01555快照过旧的错误。
[oracle@mydb admin]$ oerr ORA 01555
01555, 00000, "snapshot too old: rollback segment number %s with name \"%s\" too small"
// *Cause: rollback records needed by a reader for consistent read are
// overwritten by other writers
// *Action: If in Automatic Undo Management mode, increase undo_retention
// setting. Otherwise, use larger rollback segments
建undo表空间
gyj@OCM> create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/undotbs2.dbf' size 10M;
Tablespace created.
gyj@OCM> alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2;
System altered.
gyj@OCM> alter system set undo_retention=2 scope=both;
System altered.
第1步、session1: 目标是让b表报快照过旧的报错
gyj@OCM> conn gyj/gyj
Connected.
gyj@OCM> create table a (id int,cc varchar2(10));
Table created.
gyj@OCM> insert into a values(1,'hello');
1 row created.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@OCM> create table b(id int,cc varchar2(10));
Table created.
gyj@OCM> insert into b values(10,'AAAAAA');
1 row created.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@OCM> select * from a;
ID CC
---------- ----------
1 hello
gyj@OCM> select * from b;
ID CC
---------- ----------
10 AAAAAA
gyj@OCM> var x refcursor;
gyj@OCM> exec open :x for select * fromb;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
第2步、session2:修改b表,字段cc前镜像"OK"保存在UDNO段中
gyj@OCM> update b set cc='BBBBBB' where id= 10;
1 row updated.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
第3步、session 3:该条语句就是刷新缓存
sys@OCM> alter system flush buffer_cache;
System altered.
第4步、再开3-5个会话:在A表上行大的事务,多运行几次以确保,回滚段被覆盖
gyj@OCM> begin
2 for i in 1..20000 loop
3 update a set cc='HELLOWWWW';
4 commit;
5 end loop;
6 end;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
第5步、session 1:在B表上执行查询(第一步的查询)
gyj@OCM> print :x
ERROR:
ORA-01555: snapshot too old: rollbacksegment number 21 with name "_SYSSMU21$" too small
ORA-01555快照过旧与Oracle的一致性读有关,一致性读的实现与UNDO有关。那什么是一致性读呢?
Oracle读一致性是指一个查询所获得的数据来自同一时间点。
一致性读在Oracle中是一个非常重要的概念, 大家一起跟着我先来做下面的一个实验:
gyj@OCM> create table gyj (id int,name varchar2(10));
Table created.
gyj@OCM> insert into gyj values(1,'GGGGGG');
1 row created.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@OCM> select * from gyj;
ID NAME
---------- ----------
1 GGGGGG
gyj@OCM> var x refcursor
gyj@OCM> exec open :x for select * from gyj;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
gyj@OCM> update gyj set name='YYYYYY' where id=1;
1 row updated.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@OCM> update gyj set name='JJJJJJ' where id=1;
1 row updated.
gyj@OCM> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@OCM> print :x
ID NAME
---------- ----------
1 GGGGGG
能真正看懂为什么 print 所显示的这个结果是 GGGGGG ,而并不是 JJJJJJ ,那就说明你对一致性读已了解过了。
答案B不正确,与闪回区无关。
答案C不正确,与闪回归档日志无关。
答案D不正确,这个查询去UNDO表空间中去读前镜像的值,这个前镜像被覆盖了。
ORA-01555快照过旧解决办法:
(1) 加大UNDO表空间的大小。
(2) 减少查询条件范围。
QQ:252803295
技术交流QQ群:
DSI&Core Search Ⅰ 群:127149411(2000人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅱ 群:177089463(1000人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅲ 群:284596437(500人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅳ 群:192136702(500人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅴ 群:285030382(500人闲聊群:未满)
MAIL:dbathink@hotmail.com
BLOG: http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/guoyjoe
WEIBO:http://weibo.com/guoyJoe0218
ITPUB: http://www.itpub.net/space-uid-28460966.html
OCM: http://education.oracle.com/education/otn/YGuo.HTM