Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器,因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。
近年来nginx越来越流行,很多网站都开始用nginx来做web代理,以及原来的大公司也都在考虑用nginx来代替apache和resign。由于我在上个公司时,一个电子商务网站开始用的是apache+tomcat,后来也开始考虑用nginx+tomcat+memcache来代替apache+tomcat。
通用架构如下:
其中用memcache来存储session,tomcat作为servlet容器,nginx作为tomcat代理,对外接口。这个时候只要保证memcache服务器不停,tomcat之间可以任意热插拔。实现了session的独立存储,需要的话,还可以存储到数据库或者文件中,也不用考虑是否使用黏性session。
在本例中,使用到了一个memcache服务器,3个tomcat,一个nginx,rhel5.4 64位操作系统,配置如下。
nginx配置:
nginx.conf配置如下:
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- #user nobody;
- worker_processes 1;
- #error_log logs/error.log;
- #error_log logs/error.log notice;
- #error_log logs/error.log info;
- #pid logs/nginx.pid;
- events {
- worker_connections 1024;
- }
- http {
- include mime.types;
- default_type application/octet-stream;
- server_tokens off;
- #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
- # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
- # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
- #access_log logs/access.log main;
- sendfile on;
- #tcp_nopush on;
- #keepalive_timeout 0;
- keepalive_timeout 65;
- gzip on;
- gzip_min_length 1k;
- gzip_buffers 4 16k;
- gzip_http_version 1.1;
- gzip_comp_level 2;
- gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
- gzip_vary on;
- gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].";
- proxy_temp_path proxy_temp_dir;
- proxy_cache_path proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=3g;
- upstream shopcluster{
- server 127.0.0.1:8180 weight=1;
- server 127.0.0.1:8182 weight=1;
- }
- upstream hmfkcluster{
- server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=1;
- server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=1;
- }
- server {
- listen 80 default;
- server_name localhost;
- #charset utf-8;
- #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
- location / {
- #root /data/zwlsshop/www;
- proxy_pass http://shopcluster;
- index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
- }
- location ~* \.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ {
- access_log off;
- # root /data/zwlsshop/www;
- expires 2h;
- proxy_cache cache_one;
- proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
- proxy_cache_valid any 1h;
- if ( !-f \$request_filename) {
- # access_log logs/imgaccess.log;
- proxy_pass http://shopcluster;
- }
- }
- # location = /test/cachetest.jsp {
- # access_log logs/cachetestall.log;
- # root /data/zwlsshop/www;
- # expires 2h;
- # proxy_cache cache_one;
- # proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
- # proxy_cache_valid any 1h;
- # if ( !-f \$request_filename) {
- # proxy_pass http://shopcluster;
- # }
- # }
- # location ~ /purge(/.*) {
- # proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
- #
- #
- # }
- location /nginxs {
- stub_status on;
- access_log off;
- }
- #error_page 404 /404.html;
- # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
- #
- error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
- location = /50x.html {
- root html;
- }
- # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
- # concurs with nginx's one
- #
- #location ~ /\.ht {
- # deny all;
- #}
- }
- server {
- listen 80;
- server_name localhost2 <a target="_blank" href="http://www.myroute.cn">www.myroute.cn
- </a> #charset utf-8;
- #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
- location / {
- #root /data/zwlsshop/www;
- proxy_pass http://hmfkcluster;
- index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
- }
- # location ~* .+\.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ {
- #
- # access_log off;
- # root /data/zwlsshop/www;
- # expires 2h;
- # proxy_cache cache_one;
- # proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
- # proxy_cache_valid any 1h;
- # if ( !-f \$request_filename) {
- # access_log logs/imgaccess.log;
- # proxy_pass http://hmfkcluster;
- # }
- # }
- #error_page 404 /404.html;
- # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
- #
- error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
- location = /50x.html {
- root html;
- }
- # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
- # concurs with nginx's one
- #
- #location ~ /\.ht {
- # deny all;
- #}
- }
- }
nginx使用说明:
tomcat:
tomcat只需要改动一点,即在conf文件夹下的context.xml添加下面语句
在contex里面添加:
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- <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
- memcachedNodes="m1:127.0.0.1:11211"
- sticky="false"
- lockingMode="auto"
- sessionBackupAsync="false"
- sessionBackupTimeout="1000"
- transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
- gt;
其中memcachedNodes指定memcache的ip地址以及端口。sticky指定是否在tomcat中存储session做缓存。可以做两个memcach服务器,以备份session。