IOS开发学习日记（一）

原创已于 2024-05-11 19:19:02 修改 · 592 阅读

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#ios #学习 #objective-c

于 2024-05-11 19:17:47 首次发布

通过UIView和UIViewController的特性搭建App

UINavigationController

UIView

布局

设置大小、位置

addSubView

使用栈管理全部的子View

位置重叠的展示最后入栈（栈顶）的元素

可随时调整位置

插入到指定位置

UIView 生命周期

init -> willMobeToSuperView -> didMoveToSuperView -> willMoveToWindow -> didMoveToWindow

UIViewController

示图管理器，管理视图View层级结构

自身包含View，可以看做一个容器

管理View视图的生命周期

相应用户操作

和App整体交互，视图的切换

作为container管理多个Controller和动画

UIViewController生命周期

init -> loadView -> viewDidLoad -> viewWillAppear -> viewDidAppear -> viewWillDisappear -> viewDidDisapear -> viewDidUnload -> dealloc

通过UIView和UIViewController的特性搭建App

UIView负责页面内的内容呈现

使用基础的UIViewController管理多个UIView

UIViewController在管理UIView的同时，负责不同页面的切换

常用App页面结构分析

单页面展示

通过列表展示简介

通过较长滚动页面展示内容

多页面管理

n个底部按钮

通过Push的方式进行页面的切换

UITabBarController

提供可自定义的底部页面切换按钮

主要功能：管理多个ViewController切换

UITabBarController

ViewControllers TabBar

包括UITabBarButton、tabBarItem.image、tabBarItem.title、UITabBar

按照加入TabBarController的顺序展示

展示的内容有对应的ViewController设置

系统负责点击的响应和切换

iOS13中appdelegate的职责发现了改变：

iOS13之前，Appdelegate的职责全权处理App生命周期和UI生命周期；

iOS13之后，Appdelegate的职责是： 1、处理 App 生命周期 2、新的 Scene Session 生命周期那UI的生命周期交给新增的Scene Delegate处理

系统自定义函数实现简易Tabbar：

//实现简易的Tabbar效果

- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
    // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
    // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
    // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
    UIWindowScene *windowScene = (UIWindowScene *)scene;
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithWindowScene:windowScene];
    self.window.frame = windowScene.coordinateSpace.bounds;
    
    UITabBarController *tabbarController= [[UITabBarController alloc] init];
    
    UIViewController *controller1 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller1.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    controller1.tabBarItem.title = @"新闻";
    controller1.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/page@2x.png"];
    controller1.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/page_selected@2x.png"];
    
    UIViewController *controller2 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller2.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    controller2.tabBarItem.title = @"视频";
    controller2.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/video@2x.png"];
    controller2.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/video_selected@2x.png"];
    
    UIViewController *controller3 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller3.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
    controller3.tabBarItem.title = @"推荐";
    controller3.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/like@2x.png"];
    controller3.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/like_selected@2x.png"];

    
    UIViewController *controller4 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller4.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    controller4.tabBarItem.title = @"我的";
    controller4.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/home@2x.png"];
    controller4.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/home_selected@2x.png"];

    [tabbarController setViewControllers:@[controller1, controller2, controller3, controller4]];
    
    self.window.rootViewController = tabbarController;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}

UINavigationController

1.通过栈管理页面间的跳转

2.通常只展示栈顶页面

3.Push/Pop操作

通过UINavigationBar响应操作，处理UIViewController的切换

简易NavigationBar实现

//  ViewController.m
#import "ViewController.h"

@interface TestView:UIView

@end

@implementation TestView

-(instancetype)init{
    self = [super init];
    if(self){
        
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)willMoveToSuperview:(nullable UIView *)newSuperview{
    [super willRemoveSubview:newSuperview];
}
- (void)didMoveToSuperview;
{
    [super didMoveToSuperview];
}
- (void)willMoveToWindow:(nullable UIWindow *)newWindow{
    [super willMoveToWindow:newWindow];
}
- (void)didMoveToWindow{
    [super didMoveToWindow];
}
@end

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController
-(instancetype)init{
    self = [super init];
    if(self){
        
    }
    return self;
}
-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
}
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewDidAppear:animated];
}
-(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
}
-(void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewDidDisappear:animated];
}

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    TestView *view = [[TestView alloc] init];
    view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    view.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100);
    [self.view addSubview:view];
    
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pushController)];
    [view addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];
}
-(void)pushController{
    UIViewController *viewController = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    viewController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    viewController.navigationItem.title = @"内容";
    
    viewController.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"右侧标题" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:nil];
    
    [self.navigationController pushViewController:viewController animated:YES];
}

@end

//  SceneDelegate.m

#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()

@end

@implementation SceneDelegate


- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
    // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
    // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
    // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
    UIWindowScene *windowScene = (UIWindowScene *)scene;
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithWindowScene:windowScene];
    self.window.frame = windowScene.coordinateSpace.bounds;
    
    UITabBarController *tabbarController= [[UITabBarController alloc] init];
    
    
    ViewController *viewController = [[ViewController alloc] init];
    UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:viewController];
    
//    UIViewController *controller1 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
//    controller1.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    navigationController.tabBarItem.title = @"新闻";
    navigationController.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/page@2x.png"];
    navigationController.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/page_selected@2x.png"];
    
    
    
    
    
    UIViewController *controller2 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller2.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    controller2.tabBarItem.title = @"视频";
    controller2.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/video@2x.png"];
    controller2.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/video_selected@2x.png"];
    
    UIViewController *controller3 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller3.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
    controller3.tabBarItem.title = @"推荐";
    controller3.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/like@2x.png"];
    controller3.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/like_selected@2x.png"];

    
    UIViewController *controller4 = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    controller4.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    controller4.tabBarItem.title = @"我的";
    controller4.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/home@2x.png"];
    controller4.tabBarItem.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.bundle/home_selected@2x.png"];

    [tabbarController setViewControllers:@[navigationController, controller2, controller3, controller4]];
    
    self.window.rootViewController = tabbarController;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}


- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
    // Called as the scene is being released by the system.
    // This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
    // Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
    // The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}


- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
    // Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
    // Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}


- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
    // Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
    // This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}


- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
    // Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
    // Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}


- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
    // Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
    // Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
    // to restore the scene back to its current state.

    // Save changes in the application's managed object context when the application transitions to the background.
    [(AppDelegate *)UIApplication.sharedApplication.delegate saveContext];
}


@end