mysql 字符集

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-12 16:30:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-12 16:30:28 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用MySQL命令查看系统字符集和排序方式的设定，包括使用SHOW CHARACTERSET和SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'命令获取信息，并演示了如何修改数据库的字符集。

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1.查看mysql的字符集
mysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset   | Description                 | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci     | 2    |
| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     | 1    |
| cp850 | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci | 1    |
| hp8    | HP West European          | hp8_english_ci    | 1    |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian    | koi8r_general_ci | 1    |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci | 1    |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1    |
| swe7     | 7bit Swedish             | swe7_swedish_ci     | 1    |
| ascii | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci | 1    |
| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese          | ujis_japanese_ci | 3    |
| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese       | sjis_japanese_ci | 2    |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci | 1    |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci    | 1    |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean             | euckr_korean_ci     | 2    |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian          | koi8u_general_ci | 1    |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2    |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek          | greek_general_ci | 1    |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1    |
| gbk    | GBK Simplified Chinese    | gbk_chinese_ci    | 2    |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish       | latin5_turkish_ci | 1    |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian       | armscii8_general_ci | 1    |
| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode             | utf8_general_ci     | 3    |
| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode             | ucs2_general_ci     | 2    |
| cp866 | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci | 1    |
| keybcs2   | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak   | keybcs2_general_ci   | 1    |
| macce | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci | 1    |
| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci | 1    |
| cp852 | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci | 1    |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic       | latin7_general_ci | 1    |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic          | cp1251_general_ci | 1    |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci | 1    |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci | 1    |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset    | binary              | 1    |
| geostd8   | GEOSTD8 Georgian          | geostd8_general_ci   | 1    |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2    |
| eucjpms   | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3    |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
36 rows in set (0.02 sec)
2.查看系统的字符集和排序方式的设定可以通过下面的两条命令：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name          | Value                                  |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                  |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                  |
| character_set_database | latin1                                  |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                  |
| character_set_results | latin1                                  |
| character_set_server     | latin1                                  |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir    | D:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value          |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
3.修改数据库字符集

alter database dbname default character set gbk

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