prototype.js中的class.create()方法

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-02 15:44:01 发布

翻译最新推荐文章于 2019-03-02 15:44:01 发布 · 1.6k 阅读

本文介绍了PrototypeJS中Class.create方法的使用方式，包括如何定义类、继承父类及混入方法等特性，并通过实例展示了构造函数、原型方法的定义及子类的实现。

Class.create

Class.create([superclass][, methods...]) → Class

superclass (Class) – The optional superclass to inherit methods from.
methods (Object) – An object whose properties will be "mixed-in" to the new class. Any number of mixins can be added; later mixins take precedence.

Class.create creates a class and returns a constructor function for instances of the class. Calling the constructor function (typically as part of a new statement) will invoke the class's initialize method.

Class.create accepts two kinds of arguments. If the first argument is a Class, it's used as the new class's superclass, and all its methods are inherited. Otherwise, any arguments passed are treated as objects, and their methods are copied over ("mixed in") as instance methods of the new class. In cases of method name overlap, later arguments take precedence over earlier arguments.

If a subclass overrides an instance method declared in a superclass, the subclass's method can still access the original method. To do so, declare the subclass's method as normal, but insert $super as the first argument. This makes $super available as a method for use within the function.

To extend a class after it has been defined, use Class#addMethods.

For details, see the inheritance tutorial on the Prototype website.

链接：http://www.prototypejs.org/api

小demo：

 
         var 
         Animal = Class.create();
        
         Animal.prototype = {
        
         initialize: 
         function
         (name, sound) {
        
         this
         .name  = name;
        
         this
         .sound = sound;
        
         },
        
         speak: 
         function
         () {
        
         alert(name + 
         " says: " 
         + sound + 
         "!"
         );
        
         }
        
         };
        
         var 
         snake = 
         new 
         Animal(
         "Ringneck"
         , 
         "hissssssssss"
         );
        
         snake.speak();
        
         // -> alerts "Ringneck says: hissssssssss!"
        
         var 
         Dog = Class.create();
        
         Dog.prototype = Object.extend(
         new 
         Animal(), {
        
         initialize: 
         function
         (name) {
        
         this
         .name  = name;
        
         this
         .sound = 
         "woof"
         ;
        
         }  
        
         });
        
         var 
         fido = 
         new 
         Dog(
         "Fido"
         );
        
         fido.speak();
        
         // -> alerts "Fido says: woof!"