【Linux】gcc升级13.2.0

错误信息

g++: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-std=gnu++14’

-std=c++14需要g++5.2以上，而centos默认的g++只有4.8.5，所以，要做的事情，是升级g++

下载gcc

• 官网下载: https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/
• wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-13.2.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.gz
• 解压: tar zxvf gcc-13.2.0.tar.gz
• 直接编译会报错

  configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
  Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify
  their locations.  Source code for these libraries can be found at
  their respective hosting sites as well as at
  https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/.  See also
  http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info.  If
  you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package,
  make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header
  files.  They may be located in separate packages.
  

• 查看gcc的依赖: cat ./contrib/download_prerequisites，最上面的位置

gmp='gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2'
mpfr='mpfr-4.1.0.tar.bz2'
mpc='mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz'
isl='isl-0.24.tar.bz2'

下载gcc依赖

• 官网地址: https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/
• GMT: wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2
• MPFR: wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-4.1.0.tar.bz2
• MPC: wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
• ISL: wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.24.tar.bz2

解压依赖

tar jxvf gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2
tar jxvf mpfr-4.1.0.tar.bz2
tar zxvf mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
tar jxvf isl-0.24.tar.bz2

编译依赖

cd gmp-6.2.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1
make && sudo make install

cd ../mpfr-4.1.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1
make && sudo make install

cd ../mpc-1.2.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.2.1 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0
make && sudo make install

升级步骤

# 进入gcc目录安装
cd gcc-13.2.0
# 下载某些依赖包，如果内网服务器不能上外网，就根据上面的步骤手动下载
./contrib/download_prerequisites
# 创建bulid文件夹
mkdir build
cd build
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.2.1
# 编译gcc过程如果报找不到libmpfr.so.6，则执行以下2条命令
ln -s /usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0/lib/libmpfr.so.6.1.0 /usr/lib/libmpfr.so.6
ldconfig
# 编译安装,此过程耗时较长,建议使用后台运行
nohup make && make install &
# 修改软连接
mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc_bak
ln -s /usr/local/gcc/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc
mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++_bak
ln -s /usr/local/gcc/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++
# 查看升级后版本
gcc --version
g++ --version

安装成功截图

问题处理

error while loading shared libraries: libmpfr.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

ln -s /usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0/lib/libmpfr.so.6.1.0 /usr/lib/libmpfr.so.6.1.0
ldconfig
# 然后重新安装gcc