shell编程expect的几个应用实例

由于工作需要server间实现自动交互，因此特意在网上找了几篇关于expect文章进行学习。

之后尝试实现了几个常用交互功能的程序，写成脚本供大家参考。

expect不是函数也不是命令,是一种编程工具语言,主要功能是实现信息自动交互(例:自动登录server).

usage: expect [-di] [-c cmds] [[-f] cmdfile] [args]

expect嵌套在shell脚本中实现scp：

#!/bin/sh
echo "input your text name for copying:"
read textname			//得到要scp的文件名
login="yourlogin"		//设置你的login
password="yourpassword"		//设置你的password
servername="yourservername"	//设置你的server
path=`pwd`  			//设置scp文件所在的path
objectpath="yourobjectpath"	//设置scp文件到哪个path

expect -c "
spawn scp "$path/$textname" "$login@$servername:@objectpath" //执行scp操作,这时系统会询问密码.
expect {
\"*assword:*\" {
                 set timeout 300//设置超时时间. 
                       send \"$password\r\"//千万别忘掉回车.
                       }
       }
expect eof"

expect嵌套在shell脚本中实现ftp：

#!/bin/ksh
login="yourlogin"
password="yourpassword"
ftpserver="yourserverip"	//格式：xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
path="yourpath" 		//你要在目标server中存放file的path

echo "input your file that will download to njcgpa"
read line
                expect << EOF
                        set timeout 120
                        spawn ftp $ftpserver
                        expect "*Name*"
                        send "$login\r"
                        expect "*assword*"
                        send "$password\r"
                        expect "*ftp*"
                        send "cd $path\r"
                        expect "*250*CWD*"
                        send "put line\r"
                        expect "*complete*"
                        send "bye\r"
                expect eof 
EOF		//EOF必须在行首，行首不能有空格

一个完整的实现自动ftp多个文件的程序。

功能：将多个文件ftp到指定server中的指定path中去。

用法：将程序存放在autoftp文件中。

>./autoftp file1 file2 file3 file4 ...

#!/bin/ksh
login="yourlogin"
password="yourpassword"
ftpserver="yourftpserverIP"
path="yourftppath"
succount=0
allcount=0
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
        allcount=`expr $allcount + 1`
        if [ -f $1 ]
        then
                succount=`expr $succount + 1`
                expect << EOF
                        set timeout 120
                        spawn ftp $ftpserver
                        expect "*Name*"
                        send "$login\r"
                        expect "*assword*"
                        send "$password\r"
                        expect "*ftp*"
                        send "cd $path\r"
                        expect "*250*CWD*"
                        send "put $1\r"
                        expect "*complete*"
                        send "bye\r"
                expect eof
EOF
                echo "$1 file was ftp completed!" >> resultlog
        else
                echo "$1 file was not found!" >> resultlog
                countine
        fi
        shift
done
if [ -f resultlog ]
then
        cat resultlog
        rm resultlog
fi
echo "ftp $allcount files, $succount files were finished to ftp!" 

测试：

>touch 1 2 3 4 5 // 新建5个file文件
>./autoftp 1 2 3 4 55 66 77 5 // 55 66 77为三个不存在的文件

1 file was ftp completed!
2 file was ftp completed!
3 file was ftp completed!
4 file was ftp completed!
55 file was not found!
66 file was not found!
77 file was not found!
5 file was ftp completed!
ftp 8 files, 5 files were finished to ftp!

该程序目前只能判定文件是否存在，若不存在则跳过不执行ftp。