Linux（CentOS7）安装 MySQL8

一、安装前准备

1.下载

地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

2.在/usr/local/下创建一个mysql8文件夹

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw /]# cd /usr/local
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw local]# mkdir mysql8

3.上传下载的安装包并且解压

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

二、安装前环境检查

1.卸载自带的mariadb

查询已经安装的mariadb

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

删除方式：rpm -e --nodeps 文件名

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

2.准备安装环境

yum update -y

yum install -y libaio
yum install -y net-tools
yum install openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 -y

yum -y install autoconf
yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y
yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y
yum install perl-Test-Simple -y

以上命令是解决安装mysql8时的依赖环境问题。（如果以上命令运行失败可能会影响接下来的安装）

三、安装MySQL

1.安装MySQL的RPM包

在/usr/local/mysql8目录下，依次运行以下几个命令，安装MySQL8，注意如下命令运行顺序不能颠倒，必须严格按照以下顺序运行：

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

捷径：上面的安装需要保证顺序正确，方可安装成功，但是我记不住顺序啊！
解决方案：不直接使用 rpm -ivh，改使用 yum localinstall 命令来安装这些包，因为 yum 能够更好地管理依赖关系。

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# yum localinstall *.rpm -y

2.初始化MySQL

编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

# 是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1

四、启动MySQL服务

1.启动MySQL服务

systemctl start mysqld

2.查看状态

systemctl status mysqld

3.设置MySQL服务为开机自启动

systemctl enable mysqld

4.停止MySQL服务

systemctl stop mysqld

五、配置MySQL

1.查看初始随机密码

[root@lavm-zxkccvczgw mysql8]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2025-01-22T02:52:56.592711Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: qtU+/h-*w4C?

2.使用root角色登录

mysql -u root -p

3.登录之后修改root密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassword';

替换 NewPassword 为你想设置的新密码

4.设置远程访问

update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';

# 刷新权限
flush privileges;