Oracle Connection Manager Architecture

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Oracle连接管理器作为客户端连接请求的路由器，可将请求发送到下一跳或直接发送到数据库服务器。它由监听器、CMGW（连接管理器网关）和CMADMIN（连接管理器管理）三个组件构成。监听器接收客户端连接并根据规则决定是否允许访问。如果允许，则将请求转发到网关进程，选择连接最少的网关。网关进一步将请求转发到另一个Oracle连接管理器或直接到数据库服务器，并在已有连接存在的情况下进行复用。

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Oracle Connection Manager Architecture

Oracle Connection Manager is a router through which a client connection request is sent either to its next hop ordirectly to the database server. Clients who route connection requests through an Oracle Connection Manager can take advantage of the session multiplexing and access control features configured on that Oracle Connection Manager.

Oracle Connection Manager consists of three components:

The listener receives client connections and evaluates against a set of rules whether to deny or allow access. If it allows access, the listener forwards a request to a gateway process, selecting the one with the fewest connections. The CMGW process, in turn, forwards the request to another Oracle Connection Manager or directly to the database server, relaying data until the connection terminates. If a connection to the server already exists, the gateway multiplexes, or funnels, its connections through the existing connection. CMADMIN monitors the health of the gateway processes and the listener, shutting down or starting up processes as needed. In addition, it registers the location and load of the gateway processes with the listener, and it answers requests from the Oracle Connection Manager Control utility.

In Figure 5-10, the listener screens connection requests. A gateway process registers with the CMADMIN process . And the CMADMIN process registers with the listener. Finally, the listener forwards the connection requests to the gateway process. Notice that the listener has denied access to the fourth client. After receiving the three valid client connections, the gateway process multiplexes them through a single network protocol connection to the database.

Figure 5-10 Oracle Connection Manager Architecture