MasterPage控件的用法

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-11 17:55:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-07-11 17:55:46 发布

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文章标签： website asp 工作 html table c#

MasterPage其实是一种模板，它可以让你快速的建立相同页面布局而内部不同的网页，如果一个网站有多个MasterPage，那么新建aspx文件的时候就可以选择需要实现页面布局的MasterPage。另外，在你没有使用MasterPage之前，如果N个相同的页面布局需要改动成另外一个样式，那么你就要做很多无聊而又不得不做的工作，对N个页面进行一一更改，如果使用了MasterPage，你只要改动一个页面也就是MasterPage 文件就可以了。还有，你是否发现你要要部署的web程序越来越大，使用MasterPage在一定程度上会减小web程序的大小，因为所有的重复的 html标记都只有一个版本。
首先，我们需要打开VS2005，创建一个WebSite（这里要注意，是创建一个WebSite而不是创建一个Project）然后，给刚建立的WebSite添加一个名字叫MasterPage.master的MasterPage，这个时候我们会看到该文件有如下内容：

<% @ Master Language = " C# " AutoEventWireup = " true " CodeFile = " MasterPage.master.cs " Inherits = " MasterPage " %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN " " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd " >

< html xmlns = " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " >

< head runat = " server " >

< title > Untitled Page </ title >

</ head >

< body >

< form id = " form1 " runat = " server " >

< div >

< asp:contentplaceholder id = " ContentPlaceHolder1 " runat = " server " >

</ asp:contentplaceholder >

</ div >

</ form >

</ body >

</ html >

看起来和一个普通的aspx页面差不多，但是最上面的声明<%@ Master Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="MasterPage.master.cs" Inherits="MasterPage" %>告诉我们，这个是一个模板页，同时我们可以看到在<div></div>之间包含了一个asp的控件 contentplaceholder，这个叫内容占位符，他的作用就是当你用<table>或者<div>进行布局后，用这个控件去“霸占”一个地方，而这个地方的主人，不是contentplaceholder，而是后面将提到的Content。

下面用<Table>做下示例

<% @ Master Language = " C# " AutoEventWireup = " true " CodeFile = " MasterPage.master.cs " Inherits = " MasterPage " %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN " " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd " >

< html xmlns = " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " >

< head runat = " server " >

< title > Untitled Page </ title >

</ head >

< body >

< form id = " form1 " runat = " server " >

< table width = " 60% " >

< tr >

< td colspan = " 3 " style = " height:80px " >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " TopContent " runat = " server " >

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

</ td >

</ tr >

< tr >

< td style = " width:30 " >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " LeftContent " runat = " server " >

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

</ td >

< td >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " RightContent " runat = " server " >

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

</ td >

</ tr >

< tr >

< td colspan = " 3 " >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " FootContent " runat = " server " >

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

</ td >

</ tr >

</ table >

</ form >

</ body >

</ html >

            这样一个简单的模板页就创建好了，在这个模板页上一共有4部分，一个是顶部的TopContent，一个是中间偏左的LeftContent，一个是中间偏右的RightContent，最后个就是底部的FootContent，4个部分均有一个ContentPlaceHolder。

            有了一个创建好的MasterPage后，我们就可以进行下面的工作了，现在我们创建一个aspx页面，名字叫Default2.aspx，注意创建的时候一定要勾上Select master page，创建的时候会有一个选择模板的界面，由于只创建了一个模板，所以直接选择MasterPage.master就行了，如果你创建了多个模板页的话，就需要在这里进行选择你当前页面所需要加载的模板页。

             现在，我们有了一个基于模板的aspx页面Default2.aspx，代码如下：

<% @ Page Language = " C# " MasterPageFile = " ~/MasterPage.master " AutoEventWireup = " true " CodeFile = " Default2.aspx.cs " Inherits = " Default2 " Title = " Untitled Page " %>

< asp:Content ID = " Content1 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " TopContent " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content2 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " LeftContent " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content3 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " RightContent " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content4 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " FootContent " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

很明显，他和我们以往创建的aspx的页面很不一样，他没有HTML的相关声明，而且在页面的头部声明<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default2" Title="Untitled Page" %>中，比普通的aspx页面多了MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"。在刚才 MasterPage.master中的设置，我们定义了四个ContentPlaceHolder，ID分别是 TopContent，LeftContent，RightContent，FootContent，在Default2.aspx页面下的 Content控件里，有一个属性就是ContentPlaceHolderID，该字段表明该Content控件中的内容代替ID指向的 ContentPlaceHolder占位控件，这就是真的“霸主”了。这样一来，页面布局就使用MasterPage.master中的，而内容就使用 Default2.aspx中Content控件下的，因此你在Default2.aspx 中找不到Html页面的基本格式标记，如<head>、<body>。

现在我们来看下Default2.aspx的设计界面，看起来和刚才我们创建的MasterPage.master很像，但是我们发现在Default2.aspx中，除了Content内部以外，其他地方都是不能编辑的。

设计好它以后可以统一每个页面的页眉，页脚．新建一个MasertPage后，再新建其他页面的时候只要选择好模板页，然后在 contentplaceholder里写好你需要的东西．那么运行后就不仅有你写的东西有了，模板页的东西也会自己出现，可以减少很多重复工作．

<% @ Master Language = " C# " AutoEventWireup = " true " Inherits = " DuwControls.DuwDefaultMasterPage " %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN " " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd " >

< html xmlns = " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " >

< head runat = " server " >

< asp:contentplaceholder id = " CHead " runat = " server " >

</ asp:contentplaceholder >

</ head >

< body >

< form id = " form1 " runat = " server " >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " ScriptMan " runat = " server " >

ScriptMain

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " CTop " runat = " server " >

CTop

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " CLeft " runat = " server " >

CLeft

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " CMain " runat = " server " >

CMain

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " CRight " runat = " server " >

CRight

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

< asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID = " CFoot " runat = " server " >

CFoot

</ asp:ContentPlaceHolder >

</ form >

</ body >

</ html >

ContentPlaceHolder 为模版部分的占用位置

//模版页后台,继承自系统 System.Web.UI.MasterPage

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web;

namespace DuwControls

... {

public class DuwDefaultMasterPage : MasterPage

...{

private ContentPlaceHolder _CHead;

private ContentPlaceHolder _CTop;

private ContentPlaceHolder _CLeft;

private ContentPlaceHolder _CMain;

private ContentPlaceHolder _CRight;

private ContentPlaceHolder _CFoot;

private ContentPlaceHolder _ScriptMan;

public ContentPlaceHolder CHead ...{ get ...{ return _CHead; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder CTop ...{ get ...{ return _CTop; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder CLeft ...{ get ...{ return _CLeft; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder CMain ...{ get ...{ return _CMain; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder CRight ...{ get ...{ return _CRight; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder CFoot ...{ get ...{ return _CFoot; } }

public ContentPlaceHolder ScriptMan ...{ get ...{ return _ScriptMan; } }

protected override void OnInit(EventArgs e)

...{

foreach (Control ctrl in this.Controls)

...{

if (ctrl is System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlHead)//模版Head头部部分

...{

foreach (Control ctl in ctrl.Controls)

...{

if (ctl is ContentPlaceHolder)

...{

_CHead = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

}

else if (ctrl is System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlForm)//模版Form主体部分

...{

foreach (Control ctl in ctrl.Controls)

...{

if (ctl is ContentPlaceHolder)

...{

switch (ctl.ID)

...{

case "CTop":

_CTop = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

case "CLeft":

_CLeft = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

case "CMain":

_CMain = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

case "CRight":

_CRight = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

case "CFoot":

_CFoot = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

case "ScriptMan":

_ScriptMan = ctl as ContentPlaceHolder;

break;

default:

break;

}

base.OnInit(e);

}

// 页面.cs运用部分

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using DuwCompontents;

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

using System.IO;

using System.Web;

namespace DuwControls

... {

public class DuwPage : Page

...{

属性属性

事件事件

}

//aspx页面部分

<% @ Page Language = " C# " MasterPageFile = " ~/Themes/Default/Default.master " ValidateRequest = " false "

Inherits = " DuwControls.DuwPage " SkinType = " default " %>

< asp:Content ID = " Content1 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CHead " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content2 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " ScriptMan " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content3 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CTop " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content4 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CLeft " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content5 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CMain " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content6 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CRight " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

< asp:Content ID = " Content7 " ContentPlaceHolderID = " CFoot " Runat = " Server " >

</ asp:Content >

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