LocalBroadcastManager 使用详结

在Android系统中,BroadcastReceiver的设计初衷就是从全局考虑的，可以方便应用程序和系统、应用程序之间、应用程序内的通信，所以对单个应用程序而言BroadcastReceiver是存在安全性问题的，相应问题及解决如下：

1、当应用程序发送某个广播时系统会将发送的Intent与系统中所有注册的BroadcastReceiver的IntentFilter进行匹配，若匹配成功则执行相应的onReceive函数。可以通过类似sendBroadcast(Intent, String)的接口在发送广播时指定接收者必须具备的permission。或通过Intent.setPackage设置广播仅对某个程序有效。

2.  当应用程序注册了某个广播时，即便设置了IntentFilter还是会接收到来自其他应用程序的广播进行匹配判断。对于动态注册的广播可以通过类似registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver, IntentFilter, String, android.os.Handler)的接口指定发送者必须具备的permission，对于静态注册的广播可以通过android:exported="false"属性表示接收者对外部应用程序不可用，即不接受来自外部的广播。

上面两个问题其实都可以通过LocalBroadcastManager来解决:

  

Android v4 兼容包提供android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager工具类，帮助大家在自己的进程内进行局部广播发送与注册，使用它比直接通过sendBroadcast(Intent)发送系统全局广播有以下几点好处。

1    因广播数据在本应用范围内传播，你不用担心隐私数据泄露的问题。

2    不用担心别的应用伪造广播，造成安全隐患。

3    相比在系统内发送全局广播，它更高效。

其使用方法也和正常注册广播类似:

ReceiverActivity.java

An activity that watches for notifications for the event named "custom-event-name".

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  ...

  // Register to receive messages.
  // We are registering an observer (mMessageReceiver) to receive Intents
  // with actions named "custom-event-name".
  LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(mMessageReceiver,
      new IntentFilter("custom-event-name"));
}

// Our handler for received Intents. This will be called whenever an Intent
// with an action named "custom-event-name" is broadcasted.
private BroadcastReceiver mMessageReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    // Get extra data included in the Intent
    String message = intent.getStringExtra("message");
    Log.d("receiver", "Got message: " + message);
  }
};

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
  // Unregister since the activity is about to be closed.
  LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(mMessageReceiver);
  super.onDestroy();
}

SenderActivity.java

The second activity that sends/broadcasts notifications.

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  ...

  // Every time a button is clicked, we want to broadcast a notification.
  findViewById(R.id.button_send).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
      sendMessage();
    }
  });
}

// Send an Intent with an action named "custom-event-name". The Intent sent should 
// be received by the ReceiverActivity.
private void sendMessage() {
  Log.d("sender", "Broadcasting message");
  Intent intent = new Intent("custom-event-name");
  // You can also include some extra data.
  intent.putExtra("message", "This is my message!");
  LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent);
}

With the code above, every time the button R.id.button_send is clicked, an Intent is broadcasted and is received by mMessageReceiver in ReceiverActivity.

The debug output should look like this:

01-16 10:35:42.413: D/sender(356): Broadcasting message
01-16 10:35:42.421: D/receiver(356): Got message: This is my message! 

一般我们推荐在Activity 中如下使用：

1. Create a broadcast receiver:

   private BroadcastReceiver onNotice= new BroadcastReceiver() {
   
       @Override
       public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
           // intent can contain anydata
           Log.d("sohail","onReceive called");
           tv.setText("Broadcast received !");
   
       }
   };

2. Register your receiver in onResume of activity like:

   protected void onResume() {
           super.onResume();
   
           IntentFilter iff= new IntentFilter(MyIntentService.ACTION);
           LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(onNotice, iff);
       }
   
   //MyIntentService.ACTION is just a public static string defined in MyIntentService.

3. unRegister receiver in onPause:

   protected void onPause() {
     super.onPause();
     LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(onNotice);
   }

4. No whenever a localbroadcast is sent from applications' activity or service, onReceive of onNotice will be called :).

Edit: You can read complete tutorial here LocalBroadcastManager: Intra application message passing