python 二叉树的创建和遍历

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-11 16:38:09 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2023-07-11 16:38:09 发布 · 449 阅读

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本文介绍了一种使用Python实现二叉树的方法，并详细解释了如何通过递归和非递归方式创建二叉树及进行层次遍历、前序遍历、中序遍历和后序遍历。此外，还提供了详细的代码示例。

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#encoding=utf-8
#二叉树
import Queue
class Node(object):
    def __init__(self,value=None,lchild=None,rchild=None):
        self.value = value
        self.lchild = lchild
        self.rchild = rchild

class Tree(object):
    #创建树,用层次遍历的方式创建树,单个节点输入
    def CreatTree(self,node):
        myQueue = Queue.Queue()
        if node != None:
            myQueue.put(node)
        while myQueue.empty() is not True:
            nodes = myQueue.get()
            print nodes.value
            LVal = raw_input("输入左孩子节点值:")
            if LVal == "none":
                nodes.lchild = None
            else:
                nodes.lchild = Node(LVal)
                myQueue.put(nodes.lchild)
            RVal = raw_input("输入右孩子节点值:")
            if RVal == "none":
                nodes.rchild = None
            else:
                nodes.rchild = Node(RVal)
                myQueue.put(nodes.rchild)
        return "creat tree success"

    #创建树，递归创建
    def CreatTree1(self,root):
        a = raw_input("输入节点值：")
        if a == "none":
            root = None
        else:
            root.value = a
            root.lchild = Node()
            self.CreatTree1(root.lchild)
            root.rchild = Node()
            self.CreatTree1(root.rchild)

    #BFS-层次遍历
    def BFSTraver(self,node):
        myQueue = Queue.Queue()
        ListVal = []
        if node != None:
            myQueue.put(node)
        while myQueue.empty() is not True:
            node1 = myQueue.get()
            ListVal.append(node1.value)
            if node1.lchild != None:
                myQueue.put(node1.lchild)
            if node1.rchild != None:
                myQueue.put(node1.rchild)
        return ListVal

    #DFS-前序遍历
    def FrontTraver(self,root,NodeList=[]):
        if root!=None:
            NodeList.append(root.value)
            self.FrontTraver(root.lchild,NodeList)
            self.FrontTraver(root.rchild,NodeList)
        return NodeList

    def MiddleTraver(self,root,NodeList=[]):
        if root!=None:
            self.MiddleTraver(root.lchild,NodeList)
            NodeList.append(root.value)
            self.MiddleTraver(root.rchild,NodeList)
        return NodeList

    def LaterTraver(self,root,NodeList=[]):
        if root!=None:
            self.LaterTraver(root.lchild,NodeList)
            self.LaterTraver(root.rchild,NodeList)
            NodeList.append(root.value)
        return NodeList

if __name__ == "__main__":
    nodes = Node(1)
    t1 = Tree()
    print "************ 创建树 Start ********"
    print t1.CreatTree(nodes)
    print "************ 创建树 End **********"
    print "************ BFS Start ***********"
    print t1.BFSTraver(nodes)
    print "************ BFS End *************"
    print "************* 递归-DFS-前序 Start *********"
    print t1.FrontTraver(nodes)
    print "************* 递归-DFS-前序 End ***********"
    print "************* 递归-DFS-中序 Start **********"
    print t1.MiddleTraver(nodes)
    print "************* 递归-DFS-中序 End ************"
    print "************* 递归-DFS-后序 Start ************"
    print t1.LaterTraver(nodes)
    print "************* 递归-DFS-后序 End *************"