关于tomcat8启动报APR/native library which is not available的问题解决

本文介绍如何在CentOS上为Tomcat配置HTTP2.0支持,包括安装必要的软件包如OpenSSL、APR、APR-Util及Tomcat-Native等,并详细说明了每一步骤。

在centos上使用tomcat8配置支持http2.0的时候,server.xml的配置文件里面有这么一段配置:

<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
    maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
    <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
    <SSLHostConfig>
       <Certificate certificateKeyFile="certs/server.key"
                    certificateFile="certs/server.crt"
                    type="RSA" />
    </SSLHostConfig>
</Connector>

但是启动tomcat报错如下:
这里写图片描述
这是因为配置里面指定使用协议是org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol,即需要用APR运行模式,但这并不是tomcat默认的运行模式(此外还有bio和nio模式),需要额外安装apr和native的包才行。

1 需要安装的包

  • openssl-1.0.2(支持http2.0的话需要1.0.2以上版本)
  • apr
  • apr-util
  • tomcat-native(这个包在tomcat的bin目录下带的有)

2 安装openssl-1.0.2

怎么下载就不说了,直接帖安装步骤

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxf /usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2e.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2e
./config -fPIC --prefix=/usr/local/openssl-1.0.2e
make
make install

#制作软链接
ln -s /usr/local/openssl-1.0.2e/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/openssl-1.0.2e/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl

注意,在./config时要加上选项-fPIC,不然到后面安装tomcat native包的时候会报错。另外,不用–profix指定安装目录的话,默认应该是安装在/usr/local/ssl目录。

3 安装apr和apr-util

安装apr

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
cd apr-1.5.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
make
make install

安装apr-util

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd apr-util-1.5.4
./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
make
make install

上面安装完后设置下环境变量:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib

也可以将/usr/local/apr/lib包路径添加到/etc/ld.so.conf文件:

echo "/usr/local/apr/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

4 安装tomcat native

我使用的是tomcat-8.5.4,在它的bin目录下面就有一个tomcat-native.tar.gz包,将其解压后进行编译安装:

tar -zxf tomcat-native.tar.gz
cd tomcat-native-1.2.8-src/native/
./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80 --with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl-1.0.2e
make
make install

–with-ssl这个参数写成–with-ssl=yes好像也可以。

安装上面这些包之后,再重启tomcat就可以正常运行。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/server.html --> <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" /> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> <!-- Global JNDI resources Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html --> <GlobalNamingResources> <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users --> <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </GlobalNamingResources> <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/service.html --> <Service name="Catalina"> <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define an SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the AprLifecycleListener. Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below. --> <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"> <SSLHostConfig> certificateKeystoreFile="conf/keystore.jks" certificateKeystorePassword="changeit" type="RSA" /> </SSLHostConfig> </Connector> <!-- Define an SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2 This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses OpenSSL for TLS. Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style configuration is used below. --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol" maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" > <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" /> <SSLHostConfig> <Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem" certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem" certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem" type="RSA" /> </SSLHostConfig> </Connector> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <!-- <Connector protocol="AJP/1.3" address="::1" port="8009" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> --> <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords via a brute-force attack --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" --> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server> 重启https还是连不上
06-27
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