springboot项目单元测试

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 09:52:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 09:52:46 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： springboottest spring-boot-starter-test @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) SpringBootApplication 单元测试

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/feinifi/article/details/102743861

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springboot项目和普通的spring项目一样也可以做单元测试，一般是测试service层的方法，在进行项目构建的时候，需要在springboot默认依赖的基础上，再加上spring-boot-starter-test依赖，pom.xml文件如下所示：

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<parent>
  	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  	<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
     <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

这里我们假定使用jpa操作数据库，然后我们需要定义实体类，编写dao层接口，service层接口。这里以User实体为例。

BaseEntity.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo.domain;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
@MappedSuperclass
public class BaseEntity {
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	protected Integer id;
	protected Date modifyDate;
	protected Date createDate;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public Date getModifyDate() {
		return modifyDate;
	}
	public void setModifyDate(Date modifyDate) {
		this.modifyDate = modifyDate;
	}
	public Date getCreateDate() {
		return createDate;
	}
	public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
		this.createDate = createDate;
	}
}

User.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
public class User extends BaseEntity{
	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String mobile;
	private int age;
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getMobile() {
		return mobile;
	}
	public void setMobile(String mobile) {
		this.mobile = mobile;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
}

配置类，本来这个示例是用来做springboot+security的，所以类名有些特殊意义，这里不妨碍使用，主要配置一个密码加密实体类，在单元测试类中会用到：

package com.xxx.securitydemo.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {
	@Bean
	public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
		return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
	}
}

UserDao.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo.dao;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import com.xxx.securitydemo.domain.User;
public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User,Integer>{
}

UserService.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.xxx.securitydemo.dao.UserDao;
import com.xxx.securitydemo.domain.User;
@Service
public class UserService {
	@Autowired
	private UserDao userDao;
	public User findById(Integer id) {
		return userDao.findById(id).orElse(null);
	}
	
	public User save(User user) {
		return userDao.save(user);
	}
	
}

启动类 App.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    public static void main( String[] args ){
    	SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///huali?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update

单元测试类 UserServiceTest.java

package com.xxx.securitydemo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import java.util.Date;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import com.xxx.securitydemo.domain.User;
import com.xxx.securitydemo.service.UserService;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserServiceTest {
	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
	
	@Autowired
	private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
	
	@Test
	public void insert() {
		User user = new User();
		user.setUsername("hadoop");
		String password = passwordEncoder.encode("hadoop");
		user.setPassword(password);
		user.setAge(18);
		user.setMobile("15011186301");
		user.setCreateDate(new Date());
		user.setModifyDate(new Date());
		User result = userService.save(user);
		assertEquals(result.getPassword(), password);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void update() {
		User user = userService.findById(1);
		user.setCreateDate(new Date());
		user.setModifyDate(new Date());
		userService.save(user);
	}
}

运行单元测试，鼠标点在单元测试类中的方法上，右键 Run As -> JUnit，控制台打印信息，没有报错的话，JUnit面板会显示绿条。

15:37:18.003 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner - SpringJUnit4ClassRunner constructor called with [class com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]
15:37:18.008 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate from class [org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate]
15:37:18.015 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating BootstrapContext using constructor [public org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultBootstrapContext(java.lang.Class,org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate)]
15:37:18.031 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating TestContextBootstrapper for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest] from class [org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper]
15:37:18.041 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest], using SpringBootContextLoader
15:37:18.043 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]: class path resource [com/xxx/securitydemo/UserServiceTest-context.xml] does not exist
15:37:18.044 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]: class path resource [com/xxx/securitydemo/UserServiceTestContext.groovy] does not exist
15:37:18.044 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Could not detect default resource locations for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
15:37:18.044 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils - Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]: UserServiceTest does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
15:37:18.075 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.ActiveProfilesUtils - Could not find an 'annotation declaring class' for annotation type [org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles] and class [com.xxx.securitydemo.UserServiceTest]
15:37:18.081 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment - Adding PropertySource 'systemProperties' with lowest search precedence
15:37:18.081 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment - Adding PropertySource 'systemEnvironment' with lowest search precedence
15:37:18.082 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment - Initialized StandardEnvironment with PropertySources [MapPropertySource@1773206895 {name='systemProperties', properties={java.runtime.name=Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment, sun.boot.library.path=D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_212\jre\bin, java.vm.version=25.212-b10, java.vm.vendor=Oracle Corporation, java.vendor.url=http://java.oracle.com/, path.separator=;, java.vm.name=Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, file.encoding.pkg=sun.io, user.country=CN, user.script=, sun.java.launcher=SUN_STANDARD, sun.os.patch.level=, java.vm.specification.name=Java Virtual Machine Specification, user.dir=D:\workspace\securitydemo, java.runtime.version=1.8.0_212-b10, java.awt.graphicsenv=sun.awt.Win32GraphicsEnvironment, java.endorsed.dirs=D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_212\jre\lib\endorsed, os.arch=amd64, java.io.tmpdir=C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\, line.separator=
, java.vm.specification.vendor=Oracle Corporation, user.variant=, os.name=Windows 10, sun.jnu.encoding=GBK, java.library.path=D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_212\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;D:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_212/bin/../jre/bin/server;D:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_212/bin/../jre/bin;D:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_212/bin/../jre/lib/amd64;C:\Program Files (x86)\NetSarang\Xshell 6\;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_212\bin;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_212\jre\bin;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files\TortoiseGit\bin;D:\feiy\tools\apache-maven-3.3.9\bin;D:\feiy\tools\node-v10.16.3-win-x64;E:\app\mongodb-win32-x86_64\bin;E:\