清单管理、serial、forks

最新推荐文章于 2025-01-05 15:11:53 发布

feige_linux

最新推荐文章于 2025-01-05 15:11:53 发布

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签： linux 运维

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/feige_linux/article/details/108559923

本文介绍了如何在Ansible中制作清单模板，利用forks进行并行配置，调整并行数量以适应主机负载，并使用serial关键字进行安全的滚动更新playbook。

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1.制作清单模板

[root@afei weixin]# tree
.
├── files
│   └── httpd.conf
├── group_vars
│   └── wbservers
├── host_vars
│   └── 192.168.240.134
├── inventory
├── password
└── playbook.yml

2.使用forks在ansible中配置并行

[root@afei weixin]# vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg 

#inventory      = /etc/ansible/hosts
inventory      = /etc/ansible/inventory
#library        = /usr/share/my_modules/
#module_utils   = /usr/share/my_module_utils/
#remote_tmp     = ~/.ansible/tmp
#local_tmp      = ~/.ansible/tmp
#plugin_filters_cfg = /etc/ansible/plugin_filters.yml
#forks          = 5
#poll_interval  = 15
#sudo_user      = root
#ask_sudo_pass = True
#ask_pass      = True
#transport      = smart
#remote_port    = 22
#module_lang    = C
#module_set_locale = False

注：forks默认参数为5，同时控制5台主机

3.查看配置文件中forks参数

[root@afei weixin]# ansible-config dump|grep -i fork
DEFAULT_FORKS(default) = 5

4.在受控主机上查看负载情况，以便于更合理的设置fork参数

[root@localhost ~]# top
top - 11:11:07 up 19:43,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
Tasks: 334 total,   2 running, 332 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   1800.6 total,    248.1 free,    948.4 used,    604.1 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   1717.7 free,    330.2 used.    668.7 avail Mem 

    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                
   1000 root      20   0  291792   6224   4300 S   0.3   0.3   1:38.88 vmtoolsd                                                                                                               
   2848 fei       20   0  531724  15304   8424 S   0.3   0.8   1:35.63 vmtoolsd                                                                                                               
  29499 root      20   0   64772   5232   4176 R   0.3   0.3   0:00.11 top                                                                                                                    
      1 root      20   0  245972   9324   5004 S   0.0   0.5   0:17.75 systemd                                                                                                                
      2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.08 kthreadd                                                                                                               
      3 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_gp

5.在多台主机中滚动更新playbook，使用serial关键字来确保指定的主机数单独完成整个playbook，这样更安全

 [root@afei weixin]# vim playbook.yml 
---
- name: 滚动更新
- hosts: wbservers
  serial: 2
  tasks:
  - name: 安装阿帕奇
    yum:
      name: httpd
      state: present
    notify: restart apache
  handlers:
  - name: 重启阿帕奇
    service:
          name: httpd
          state: restarted

5.包含和导入文件

[root@afei playbook]# vim install.yml

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: 安装阿帕奇
      yum:
          name: httpd
          state: present

[root@afei playbook]# vim config.yml

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: 配置阿帕奇
      template:
            src: .../files/vhosts.conf.j2
            dest: /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhosts.conf
      notify:
          - name: 重启阿帕奇
  handlers: 
        - name: 重启阿帕奇
          service:
                name: httpd
                state: restarted

[root@afei playbook]# vim main.yml

[root@afei playbook]# vim main.yml

---

- name: 导入安装      
  import_playbook: install.yml
- name: 导入配置      
  import_playbook: config.yml
~       
[root@afei playbook]# ansible-playbook playbook/main.yml