C/C++函数参数,传值域传址!!!

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 21:51:27 发布

eclipser1987

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 21:51:27 发布

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分类专栏： C/C++ 文章标签： function file 2010

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本文通过四个不同的函数演示了在C++中如何实现两个整数变量的交换，并详细解释了值传递、引用传递及指针传递的区别。通过主函数中的实例展示了不同方法的效果。

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/* * File: main.cpp * Author: Vicky * * Created on 2010年5月8日, 下午2:47 */ #include <iostream> using namespace std; void swap(int x, int y) { cout << "x and y swap before : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; int i = x; x = y; y = i; cout << "x and y swap after : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; } void swap2(int * x, int * y) { cout << "x and y swap before : " << *x << "/t" << *y << endl; int * i = x; x = y; y = i; cout << "x and y swap after : " << *x << "/t" << *y << endl; } /** * 注意,此处非&x与&y并非地址,而是对象的别名!!! */ void swap3(int &x, int &y) { cout << "x and y swap before : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; int i = x; x = y; y = i; cout << "x and y swap after : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; } /** * 按址传递,传递的参数是地址. */ void swap4(int * x, int * y) { cout << "x and y swap before : " << *x << "/t" << *y << endl; int i = *x; *x = *y; *y = i; cout << "x and y swap after : " << *x << "/t" << *y << endl; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int x = 1; int y = 9; cout << "main function swap before : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; swap(x, y); cout << "main function swap after : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; // 可将,主函数的x与y并没有交换,表示swap函数交换的仅仅是x与y的副本 cout << "---------" << endl; int * px = new int(1); int * py = new int(9); cout << "main function swap before : " << *px << "/t" << *py << endl; swap2(px, py); cout << "main function swap after : " << *px << "/t" << *py << endl; cout << "---------" << endl; cout << "main function swap before : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; swap3(x, y); cout << "main function swap after : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; cout << "---------" << endl; cout << "main function swap before : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; swap4(&x, &y); cout << "main function swap after : " << x << "/t" << y << endl; return (EXIT_SUCCESS); }

main function swap before : 1        9
x and y swap before : 1        9
x and y swap after : 9        1
main function swap after : 1        9
---------
main function swap before : 1        9
x and y swap before : 1        9
x and y swap after : 9        1
main function swap after : 1        9
---------
main function swap before : 1        9
x and y swap before : 1        9
x and y swap after : 9        1
main function swap after : 9        1
---------
main function swap before : 9        1
x and y swap before : 9        1
x and y swap after : 1        9
main function swap after : 1        9

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