SocketServer — A framework for network servers

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-04 23:29:41 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2022-10-04 23:29:41 发布 · 477 阅读

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本文介绍如何使用Python的SocketServer模块创建TCP服务器。通过继承BaseRequestHandler类并重写handle()方法来处理客户端请求，示例代码展示了接收客户端消息并以大写形式返回的过程。

每个服务器类中最主要的是有两个子类：

BaseHTTPServer:

	HTTPServer

	BaseHTTPRequestHandler

SocketServer

       TCPServer

BaseRequestHandler

SocketServer有四个基本的子类：TCPServer， UDPServer，UnixStreamServer and UnixDatagramServer

创建一个server需要以下几个步骤：

1you must create a request handler class by subclassing the BaseRequestHandler class and overriding its handle() method,，handle（）方法主要是接受输入的请求。

2 you must instantiate one of the server classes(server = SocketServer.TCPServer((HOST, PORT), MyTCPHandler)), passing it the server’s address and the request handler class

3 call the handle_request() or serve_forever() method of the server object to process one or many requests

结构图：

+------------+
| BaseServer |
+------------+
      |
      v
+-----------+        +------------------+
| TCPServer |------->| UnixStreamServer |
+-----------+        +------------------+
      |
      v
+-----------+        +--------------------+
| UDPServer |------->| UnixDatagramServer |
+-----------+        +--------------------+

server code:

import SocketServer

class MyTCPHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
    """
    The RequestHandler class for our server.

    It is instantiated once per connection to the server, and must
    override the handle() method to implement communication to the
    client.
    """

    def handle(self):
        # self.request is the TCP socket connected to the client
        self.data = self.request.recv(1024).strip()
        print "%s wrote:" % self.client_address[0]
        print self.data
        # just send back the same data, but upper-cased
        self.request.send(self.data.upper())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999

    # Create the server, binding to localhost on port 9999
    server = SocketServer.TCPServer((HOST, PORT), MyTCPHandler)

    # Activate the server; this will keep running until you
    # interrupt the program with Ctrl-C
    server.serve_forever()