1 Docker的基本使用
1.1 镜像相关操作
1、从DockerHub搜索镜像
[root@master ~]# docker search centos
# 镜像名字 描述 星标 是否官方(有OK表示为官方镜像)
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL
centos DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS. 7718 [OK]
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces 43
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack Centos base compilation image 0
dokken/centos-7 CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken 8
dokken/centos-8 CentOS 8 image for kitchen-dokken 6
spack/centos7 CentOS 7 with Spack preinstalled 2
dokken/centos-6 EOL: CentOS 6 image for kitchen-dokken 0
spack/centos6 CentOS 6 with Spack preinstalled 1
ustclug/centos Official CentOS Image with USTC Mirror 0
dokken/centos-stream-8 5
eclipse/centos_jdk8 CentOS, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 5
dokken/centos-stream-9 9
corpusops/centos-bare https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/ 0
corpusops/centos centos corpusops baseimage 0
spack/centos-stream 2
解释说明:
- NAME: 镜像仓库源的名称
- DESCRIPTION: 镜像的描述
- OFFICIAL: 是否 docker 官方发布
- stars: 类似 Github 里面的 star,表示点赞、喜欢的意思。
- AUTOMATED: 自动构建。
在选择镜像时尽量选择官方构建的镜像,其他镜像可能会存在安全隐患。
2、下载镜像
docker pull centos
# 不知道tag时,默认拉取最新版本。
# tag 相当于版本号
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
## 解释:
library:代表官方仓库的意思
3、查看镜像
docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 years ago 231MB
参数解释:
- REPOSITORY:镜像名称
- TAG:相当于软件版本
- IMAGE ID:镜像ID,镜像的唯一标识
- CREATED:镜像构建时间
- SIZE:镜像大小
4、把镜像做成离线包/解压离线包
# 压缩成离线包
[root@master ~]# docker save -o centos.tar.gz centos
[root@master ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg centos.tar.gz
# 删除
[root@master ~]# docker rmi centos:latest
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59
# 此时已经没有镜像了
[root@master ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
# 解压离线包
[root@master ~]