pytest的setup和teardown

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-30 16:39:17 发布

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#python #setup #teardown #pytest

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本文详细介绍了unittest和pytest测试框架中setup和teardown的使用，包括模块级、函数级、类级和方法级的生命周期钩子。通过示例代码展示了这些钩子在不同层级的执行顺序，帮助读者理解如何在测试中设置和清理环境。

在unittest中就有setup和teardown，pytest也不例外。主要有五种：

模块级(setup_module/teardown_module)，开始于模块始末，全局的
函数级(setup_function/teardown_function)，只对函数用例生效(不在类中)
类级(setup_class/teardown_class)，只在类中前后运行一次(在类中)
方法级(setup_method/teardown_method)，开始于方法前后(在类中)
setup/teardown运行在调用方法/函数的前后

例如：下面的test_setup.py测试了上面五种方法，且setup/teardown在模块里。

import pytest

def setup_module():
    print('setup_module')

def teardown_module():

    print('teardown_module')
def setup_function():
    print('setup_function')

def teardown_function():
    print('teardown_function')

def test_01():
    print('test01')

def test_02():
    print('test02')

class TestSet():
    @classmethod
    def setup_class(cls):
        print('setup_class')

    @classmethod
    def teardown_class(cls):
        print('teardown_class')

    def test_method1(self):
        print('test_method1')

    def test_method2(self):
        print('test_method2')

    def setup_method(self):
        print('setup_method')


    def teardown_method(self):
        print('teardown_method')


def setup():
    print('setup')

def teardown():
    print('teardown')

输出为：

D:\pythonProject\my_selenium_project\testcases\pytest>pytest -v -s  test_setup.py
======================================================================== test session starts ========================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-6.2.4, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- d:\python3.7.6\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: D:\pythonProject\my_selenium_project\testcases\pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
collected 4 items                                                                                                                                                    

test_setup.py::test_01 setup_module
setup_function
setup
test01
PASSEDteardown
teardown_function

test_setup.py::test_02 setup_function
setup
test02
PASSEDteardown
teardown_function

test_setup.py::TestSet::test_method1 setup_class
setup_method
test_method1
PASSEDteardown_method

test_setup.py::TestSet::test_method2 setup_method
test_method2
PASSEDteardown_method
teardown_class
teardown_module

setup/teardown在类中：

D:\pythonProject\my_selenium_project\testcases\pytest>pytest -v -s  test_setup.py
======================================================================== test session starts ========================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-6.2.4, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- d:\python3.7.6\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: D:\pythonProject\my_selenium_project\testcases\pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
collected 4 items                                                                                                                                                    

test_setup.py::test_01 setup_module
setup_function
test01
PASSEDteardown_function

test_setup.py::test_02 setup_function
test02
PASSEDteardown_function

test_setup.py::TestSet::test_method1 setup_class
setup_method
setup
test_method1
PASSEDteardown
teardown_method

test_setup.py::TestSet::test_method2 setup_method
setup
test_method2
PASSEDteardown
teardown_method
teardown_class
teardown_module


========================================================================= 4 passed in 0.04s =========================================================================