STL之vector

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 22:20:33 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 22:20:33 发布 · 517 阅读

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#string #vector #system #class

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本文通过一个具体的C++程序实例介绍了如何使用类模板进行数据管理，包括类的定义、复制构造函数、赋值运算符重载等，并展示了如何利用vector容器存储自定义类的对象。

/*
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
const int num=2;
int main()
{
vector<double>price(num);
vector<string>book(num);
cout<<"开始录入"<<num<<"本书的数据"<<endl;
for (int i=0;i<num;i++)
{
  cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"本书的书名：";
  getline(cin,book[i]);
  cout<<"请输入该书的价格：";
  cin>>price[i];
  cin.ignore();
}

for (int i=0;i<num;i++)
{
  cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"本书的书名：";
  cout<<book[i]<<"\t"<<"价格："<<price[i]<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class people
{
public:
   people();
   people(const string&name,const int age);
   people(const people&r);
   ~people();
   void SetName(const string&name);
   string GetName()const;
   void SetAge(const int age);
   int GetAge()const;
   people&operator=(const people&r);
private:
   string theName;
   int theAge;
};
people::people():theName("默认创建的新人"),theAge(52){}
people::people(const string&name,const int age):theName(name),theAge(age){}
people::people(const people&r):theName(r.GetName()),theAge(r.GetAge())
{
cout<<"复制构造函数执行...\n";
}
people::~people(){cout<<"析构函数执行\n";}
void people::SetName(const string&r)
{
theName=r;
}
string people::GetName()const
{
return theName;
}
void people::SetAge( const int age)
{
theAge=age;
}
int people::GetAge()const
{
return theAge;
}
people&people::operator =(const people&r)
{
cout<<"operator=函数执行...\n";
theName=r.GetName();
theAge=r.GetAge();
return*this;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream&out,const people&r)
{
out<<r.GetName()<<"的年龄为："<<r.GetAge()<<endl;
return out;
}
template<class T>
void show(const vector<T>&v);
typedef vector<people>man;
int main()
{
people Jack;
people Mary("Mary",24);
people Tom("Tom",18);
people Jesson("Jesson",29);
man non;
cout<<"non:\n";
show(non);
man manyMan(3);
cout<<"manyMan(3):\n";
show(manyMan);
manyMan[0]=Mary;
manyMan[1]=Tom;
manyMan[2]=Jesson;
cout<<"为容器manyMan(3)分配个人后:\n";
show(manyMan);
people Ketty("Ketty",58);manyMan.push_back(Ketty);manyMan.push_back(Jack);
cout<<"manyMan()增加2个人后:\n";
show(manyMan);
manyMan[0].SetName("Rose");
manyMan[0].SetAge(16);
cout<<"设置manyMan[0]后:\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
template <class T>
void show(const vector<T>&v)
{
cout<<"max_size()="<<v.max_size();
cout<<"\tsize()="<<v.size();
cout<<"\t capacity()="<<v.capacity();
cout<<"\t"<<(v.empty()?"空":"不为空");
cout<<"\n";
for (int i=0;i<v.size();++i)
{
   cout<<v[i]<<"\n";
   }
cout<<endl;
}