Windows 7 Commands(Run Command)

Windows实用工具大全
本文列举了Windows系统中各种实用工具及其对应的启动命令,包括系统管理、文件管理、多媒体播放等多个方面,为用户提供全面的Windows内置功能指南。
  1. Add/Remove Programs = appwiz.cpl
  2. Administrative Tools = control admintools
  3. Authorization Manager= azman.msc
  4. Calculator = calc
  5. Certificate Manager = certmgr.msc
  6. Character Map = charmap
  7. Check Disk Utility = chkdsk
  8. Command Prompt = cmd.exe
  9. Component Services = dcomcnfg
  10. Computer Management = compmgmt.msc
  11. Control Panel = control
  12. Date and Time Properties = timedate.cpl
  13. Defragment User Interface = dfrgui
  14. Device Manager = devmgmt.msc
  15. Direct X Troubleshooter = dxdiag
  16. Disk Cleanup Utility = cleanmgr
  17. Disk Management = diskmgmt.msc
  18. Disk Parmelonion Manager = diskpart
  19. Display Properties = control desktop or, alternatively desk.cpl
  20. Ditilizer Calibration Tool = tabcal
  21. Downloads = Downloads
  22. DPI Scaling = dpiscaling
  23. Driver Package Installer = dpinst
  24. Driver Verifier Utility = verifier or, alternatively reset
  25. DVD Player = dvdplay
  26. Encryption File System = rekeywiz
  27. Event Viewer = eventvwr.msc
  28. Fax Cover Sheet Editor = fxscover
  29. File Signature Verification Tool = sigverif
  30. Folders Properties = control folders
  31. Fonts = control fonts
  32. Free Cell Card Game = freecell
  33. Group Policy Editor = gpedit.msc
  34. Iexpress Wizard = iexpress
  35. Internet Explorer = iexplore
  36. Internet Properties = inetcpl.cpl
  37. IP Configuration = ipconfig.exe
  38. iSCSI Initiator = iscsicpl
  39. Keyboard Properties = control keyboard
  40. Libraries = explorer or, alternatively Windows key + E
  41. Local Security Settings = secpol.msc
  42. Local Users and Groups = lusrmgr.msc
  43. Logs You Out Of Windows = logoff
  44. Microsoft Paint = mspaint.exe
  45. Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool = msdt
  46. Mobility Center (mobile) = mblctr or, alternatively Windows key + X
  47. Mouse Properties = control mouse
  48. Mouse Properties = main.cpl
  49. Network Connections = control netconnections
  50. Network Connections = ncpa.cpl
  51. Notepad = notepad
  52. ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32
  53. On Screen Keyboard = osk or, alternatively Windows key + U
  54. Optional Features Manager = optionalfeatures
  55. Performance Monitor = perfmon.msc
  56. Phone and Modem Options = telephon.cpl
  57. Power Configuration = powercfg.cpl
  58. Printer Migration = PrintBrmUi
  59. Printers and Faxes = control printers
  60. Private Character Editor = eudcedit
  61. Regional Settings = intl.cpl
  62. Registry Editor = regedit.exe
  63. Remote Assistance = msra
  64. Remote Desktop = mstsc
  65. Resultant Set of Policy = rsop.msc
  66. Scheduled Tasks = control schedtasks
  67. Security Center = wscui.cpl
  68. Services = services.msc
  69. Shared Folders/MMC = fsmgmt.msc
  70. Shuts Down Windows = shutdown
  71. Snipping Tool = snippingtool
  72. Sound Recorder = soundrecorder
  73. Sound Volume = sndvol
  74. Sounds and Audio = mmsys.cpl
  75. Spider Solitare Card Game = spider
  76. SQL Client Configuration = cliconfg
  77. Sticky Note = StikyNot
  78. Stored User Names and Passwords = credwiz
  79. System Configuration Editor = sysedit
  80. System Configuration Utility = msconfig
  81. System File Checker Utility = sfc
  82. System Information = msinfo32
  83. System Properties = sysdm.cpl or, alternatively Windows key + Pause
  84. Task Manager = taskmgr
  85. Trusted Platform Module = TpmInit
  86. User Accounts = netplwiz or, alternatively control userpasswords2
  87. Utility Manager = utilman
  88. Windows Activation = slui
  89. Windows Backup Utility = sdclt
  90. Windows Fax and Scan = wfs
  91. Windows Firewall = firewall.cpl
  92. Windows Firewall with Advanced Security = wf.msc
  93. Windows Image Acquisition = wiaacmgr
  94. Windows Magnifier = magnify
  95. Windows Management Infrastructure = wmimgmt.msc
  96. Windows Media Player = wmplayer
  97. Windows Share Creation Wizard = shrpubw
  98. Windows Standalong Update Manager = wusa
  99. Windows System Security Tool = syskey
  100. Windows Update App Manager = wuapp
  101. Wordpad = write
### MySQL 中 `Commands out of sync: You can't run this command now` 的解决方案 在使用 MySQL 客户端(如 C、C++ 或其他语言绑定)执行存储过程或复杂查询时,可能会遇到错误信息:`Commands out of sync: You can't run this command now`。该问题通常出现在连续执行多个语句时,尤其是涉及存储过程、游标或多结果集的情况下。 #### 1. 清空未读取的结果集 MySQL 协议要求客户端必须将所有返回的数据全部读取完毕后,才能继续发送新的命令。如果一个查询(例如调用存储过程)返回了多个结果集,而客户端没有完全读取这些数据,则会引发此错误。 在 Mysql++ 的使用中,当调用存储过程后立即进行 SELECT 查询时,若未清空前一个操作的剩余结果,就会导致“Commands out of sync”异常。解决办法是使用 `Query::store()` 后,确保结果被完全释放,并通过 `Connection::ping()` 或 `Query::reset()` 来同步状态 [^1]。 示例代码如下: ```cpp Query query = conn.query(); query << "CALL my_procedure('param')"; StoreQueryResult result = query.store(); if (!result) { // 处理错误 } // 确保所有结果都被读取并清理 while (conn.more_results()) { conn.read_next_result(); } ``` #### 2. 使用 `CLIENT_MULTI_RESULTS` 标志连接数据库 在建立连接时,如果没有启用多结果支持,也可能导致该错误。应在连接时指定 `CLIENT_MULTI_RESULTS` 标志以允许处理多个结果集。 Mysql++ 初始化连接时可参考以下方式: ```cpp Connection conn(false); conn.set_option(new MultiResultsOption(true)); ``` 或者在底层使用 C API 时设置连接标志: ```c mysql_real_connect(mysql, host, user, pass, db, port, socket, CLIENT_MULTI_RESULTS); ``` #### 3. 避免混合使用非缓冲和缓冲查询 在某些情况下,如果同时使用了非缓冲查询(`use`)和缓冲查询(`store`),而没有正确处理结果集,也会导致同步失败。应统一使用缓冲查询或确保非缓冲查询的结果被完全消费后再发起新请求。 #### 4. 检查存储过程中是否包含隐式提交或事务控制 某些存储过程可能包含 `COMMIT` 或 `ROLLBACK` 语句,这会导致连接状态发生变化,进而影响后续查询。应确保在调用此类存储过程后,重新确认连接处于可用状态。 #### 5. 在 SQL 层面优化存储过程逻辑 如引用中提到的创建函数的例子,若函数内部使用了游标和循环结构,但没有正确关闭游标或释放资源,也可能间接导致客户端出现同步问题。因此,编写存储过程时需注意以下几点: - 显式关闭所有打开的游标; - 确保所有局部变量在退出前完成赋值; - 避免在同一个存储过程中混合多种类型的结果输出; 示例优化后的函数片段如下: ```sql DELIMITER // CREATE FUNCTION GPA(sID CHAR(3)) RETURNS FLOAT READS SQL DATA BEGIN DECLARE state INT DEFAULT 0; DECLARE grade, credit, total_g, total_c, gpa FLOAT DEFAULT 0; DECLARE cursor_ CURSOR FOR ( SELECT Score, CourseCredit FROM Grade JOIN Course ON Grade.CourseID = Course.CourseID WHERE Grade.studentID = sID ); DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET state = 1; OPEN cursor_; REPEAT FETCH cursor_ INTO grade, credit; IF state = 0 THEN SET total_g = total_g + grade * credit; SET total_c = total_c + credit; END IF; UNTIL state = 1 END REPEAT; CLOSE cursor_; SET gpa = total_g / total_c; RETURN gpa; END // DELIMITER ; ``` ---
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