GREENPLUM 5.17 centos 6.10 详细安装步骤

安装介质：
greenplum-db-5.17.0-rhel6-x86_64.zip
地址：
https://network.pivotal.io/products/pivotal-gpdb#/releases/301769/file_groups/1397
有二进制安装包和RPM安装包，我这里选择二进制安装包来安装

机器规划（一个主节点，三个数据节点）：
192.168.11.210 mdw
192.168.11.211 sdw1
192.168.11.212 sdw2
192.168.11.213 sdw3

1，禁用防火墙和selinux

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

vi /etc/selinux/config
selinux=disabled

2，配置内核参数
配置内核参数文件：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 500000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 4000000000
kernel.sem = 500 1024000 200 4096
kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.msgmni = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.wmem_max = 2097152
vm.overcommit_memory = 2
vm.swappiness = 10
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs = 500
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs = 100
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 0
vm.dirty_ratio=0
vm.dirty_background_bytes = 1610612736
vm.dirty_bytes = 4294967296

执行sysctl -p使内核参数生效

3，配置资源限制参数

vi  /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072

4，文件系统格式
文件系统格式推荐使用XFS

5，配置磁盘文件预读参数
推荐配置为16384
获取当前值：/sbin/blockdev --getra /dev/sda
设置新值：/sbin/blockdev --setra 16384 /dev/sda

6，配置磁盘I/O调度策略
推荐设置成deadline模式，有两种设置方法
方法一：

echo deadline /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

重启之后失效，可以把上面命令配置到环境变量或者rc.local里面使之启动生效

方法二（永久）：
在grub.conf里面配置elevator=deadline：

vi /etc/grub.conf
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-754.11.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=39773d5f-aa30-4e9c-aca4-b8f41a865397 elevator=deadline rd_NO
_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM r
hgb quiet

7，禁用THP（透明大页）
grub.conf里面添加transparent_hugepage=never：

vi /etc/grub.conf
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-754.11.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=707d5027-2cc0-4111-9efc-bddc1cc4fe5d elevator=deadline rd_NO
_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM r
hgb quiet transparent_hugepage=never

需要重启生效

8，创建用户和组

groupadd gpadmin
useradd gpadmin -g gpadmin
New password: <changeme>
Retype new password: <changeme>

9，安装GPDB

unzip greenplum-db-5.17.0-rhel6-x86_64.zip 
./greenplum-db-5.17.0-rhel6-x86_64.bin 

交互模式中需要接受license，设置安装路径等，本文安装路径为/home/gpadmin/greenplum

10，创建hostlist文件
创建两个hostlist文件，列出各个节点的主机名（host列出所有机器主机名，seg_host仅列出segment主机名）

vi host
mdw
sdw1
sdw2
sdw3

vi seg_host
sdw1
sdw2
sdw3

11，配置各个节点互信

gpssh-exkeys -f  /home/gpadmin/greenplum/host

12，其它节点批量安装GPDB

gpseginstall -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/host

–确认其他节点安装情况

gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/host -e ls -l $GPHOME

13，创建数据存储目录
主节点创建数据目录：

mkdir -p /home/gpadmin/gpdata/master

segment节点批量创建目录

gpssh -f seg_host -e 'mkdir -p /home/gpadmin/gpdata/primary'
gpssh -f seg_host -e 'mkdir -p /home/gpadmin/gpdata/mirror'

由于本文是直接安装在家目录下面，不会涉及权限问题，如果安装其它目录下需要配置相应权限

14，配置NTP同步
略

15，配置初始化gpdb参数
复制初始化参数文件到gpdb安装目录

cp /home/gpadmin/greenplum/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/gpinitsystem_config  /home/gpadmin/greenplum

修改gpdb初始化参数文件

vi gpinitsystem_config 
ARRAY_NAME="Greenplum Data Platform"
SEG_PREFIX=gpseg
PORT_BASE=6000
declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/gpadmin/gpdata/primary  /home/gpadmin/gpdata/primary /home/gpadmin/gpdata/primary)
MASTER_HOSTNAME=mdw
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/home/gpadmin/gpdata/master
MASTER_PORT=5432
TRUSTED_SHELL=ssh
CHECK_POINT_SEGMENTS=8
ENCODING=UNICODE
MIRROR_PORT_BASE=7000
REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=8000
MIRROR_REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=9000
declare -a MIRROR_DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/gpadmin/gpdata/mirror /home/gpadmin/gpdata/mirror /home/gpadmin/gpdata/mirror)
DATABASE_NAME=devin
MACHINE_LIST_FILE=/home/gpadmin/greenplum/seg_host

15，初始化gpdb

gpinitsystem -c gpinitsystem_config -h seg_host 

其他常用参数
-s 配置standby master
-S spread mirror （默认grouped mirror模式）

16，检查gpdb状态

[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ gpstate
20190422:16:26:09:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstate with args: 
20190422:16:26:09:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-local Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.17.0 build commit:fc9a9d4cad8dd4037b9bc07bf837c0b958726103'
20190422:16:26:09:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-master Greenplum Version: 'PostgreSQL 8.3.23 (Greenplum Database 5.17.0 build commit:fc9a9d4cad8dd4037b9bc07bf837c0b958726103) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by GCC gcc (GCC) 6.2.0, 64-bit compiled on Feb 13 2019 15:26:39'
20190422:16:26:09:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20190422:16:26:09:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering data from segments...
.... 
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum instance status summary
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Master instance                                           = Active
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Master standby                                            = No master standby configured
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total segment instance count from metadata                = 18
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Primary Segment Status
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total primary segments                                    = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total primary segment valid (at master)                   = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total primary segment failures (at master)                = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid files missing              = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid files found                = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs missing               = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs found                 = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of /tmp lock files missing                   = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of /tmp lock files found                     = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number postmaster processes missing                 = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number postmaster processes found                   = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Mirror Segment Status
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total mirror segments                                     = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total mirror segment valid (at master)                    = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total mirror segment failures (at master)                 = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid files missing              = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid files found                = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs missing               = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs found                 = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of /tmp lock files missing                   = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number of /tmp lock files found                     = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number postmaster processes missing                 = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number postmaster processes found                   = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number mirror segments acting as primary segments   = 0
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Total number mirror segments acting as mirror segments    = 9
20190422:16:26:13:015110 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------