C++使用gsoap创建webService

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-26 14:41:00 发布

DerryZhang

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-26 14:41:00 发布

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分类专栏： Web技术 C/C++ 文章标签： webservice c++ soap namespaces socket service

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gSOAP 是一个夸平台的，用于开发 Web Service 服务端和客户端的工具，在 Windows 、 Linux 、 MAC OS 和 UNIX 下使用 C 和 C++ 语言编码，集合了 SSL 功能。

下载地址： http://sourceforge.net/projects/gsoap2

官方网站： http://genivia.com/Products/gsoap/index.html

对于 Windows 平台下开发客户端，首先下载最新的 gsoap_win32_2.7.6c.zip 包，具体在以下地址： http://optusnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/gsoap2/gsoap_win32_2.7.6c.zip

首先查看gsoap的User's Guide，基本就能对gsoap有个全面的了解，通过阅读Sample里的例子程序深入。然后搜索网上其它一些文章，比如：
gSOAP简单多线程服务器程序 http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/55091/showart_430965.html
纯c gSoap实现WebService http://hi.baidu.com/2sky2sea/blog/item/40ec5555680279c1b745ae9b.html

接下来我结合自己的实践与理解，讲讲VC用gsoap下编写webService和客户端程序，有不对的地方还请大家指正，谢谢。
我以网上出现的实现一个简单的加法函数为例，讲讲我在操作过程中遇到的问题。

一服务器端
1.首先编写 add.h文件：

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1//gsoap ns service name: add
2//gsoap ns service namespace: http://localhost/add.wsdl
3//gsoap ns service location: http://localhost
4//gsoap ns service executable: add.cgi
5//gsoap ns service encoding: encoded
6//gsoap ns schema namespace: urn:add
7
8int ns__add( int num1, int num2, int* sum );
1//gsoap ns service name: add
2//gsoap ns service namespace: http://localhost/add.wsdl
3//gsoap ns service location: http://localhost
4//gsoap ns service executable: add.cgi
5//gsoap ns service encoding: encoded
6//gsoap ns schema namespace: urn:add
7
8int ns__add( int num1, int num2, int* sum );

2.用gsoap/bin目录下的soapcpp2.exe程序，生成一些文件。可以把soapcpp2.exe拷贝到一add.h目录下，用cmd执行 soapcpp2.exe add.h就可以，在这个目录下会自动生成许多将来有用的文件，如 add.namap,soapH.h,soapC.cpp,soapClient.cpp,soapServer.cpp等文件。 soapcpp2.exe可以带参数执行，具体执行soapcpp2.exe -h查看。

3.新建一个win32控制台工程，加入wsock32.lib库，将刚才生成的那些文件添加到工程中。然后编写webserver.cpp主程序：

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#include "add.h"
#include "add.nsmap"
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

    int m, s; /**//* master and slave sockets */
    struct soap add_soap;
    soap_init(&add_soap);
    //soap_set_namespaces(&add_soap, add_namespaces);

    if (argc < 2)
    {
        printf("usage: %s <server_port> /n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    else
    {
        m = soap_bind(&add_soap, NULL, atoi(argv[1]), 100);
        if (m < 0)
        {
            soap_print_fault(&add_soap, stderr);
            exit(-1);
        }

        fprintf(stderr, "Socket connection successful: master socket = %d/n", m);
        for ( ; ; )
        {
            s = soap_accept(&add_soap);
            if (s < 0)
            {
                soap_print_fault(&add_soap, stderr);
                exit(-1);
            }
            fprintf(stderr, "Socket connection successful: slave socket = %d/n", s);

            soap_serve(&add_soap);//该句说明该server的服务
            soap_end(&add_soap);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
//server端的实现函数与add.h中声明的函数相同，但是多了一个当前的soap连接的参数
int ns__add(struct soap *add_soap, int num1, int num2, int *sum)
{
    *sum = num1 + num2;
    return 0;
}
#include "add.h"
#include "add.nsmap"
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

    int m, s; /**//* master and slave sockets */
    struct soap add_soap;
    soap_init(&add_soap);
    //soap_set_namespaces(&add_soap, add_namespaces);

    if (argc < 2)
    {
        printf("usage: %s <server_port> /n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    else
    {
        m = soap_bind(&add_soap, NULL, atoi(argv[1]), 100);
        if (m < 0)
        {
            soap_print_fault(&add_soap, stderr);
            exit(-1);
        }

        fprintf(stderr, "Socket connection successful: master socket = %d/n", m);
        for ( ; ; )
        {
            s = soap_accept(&add_soap);
            if (s < 0)
            {
                soap_print_fault(&add_soap, stderr);
                exit(-1);
            }
            fprintf(stderr, "Socket connection successful: slave socket = %d/n", s);

            soap_serve(&add_soap);//该句说明该server的服务
            soap_end(&add_soap);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
//server端的实现函数与add.h中声明的函数相同，但是多了一个当前的soap连接的参数
int ns__add(struct soap *add_soap, int num1, int num2, int *sum)
{
    *sum = num1 + num2;
    return 0;
}

4. 编译这个程序，会提示错误，将gsoap_win32目录下stdsoap2.cpp，stdsoap2.h文件加入工程，重新编译如果还有错误，可能是你将add.h生成的文件添加入工程出错的原因。实际上在编写server程序时，无须带Client的那些文件，还有带Lib的文件也无须添加到工程中。再重新编译应该就没有问题了，启动4567端口，在ie中输入localhost:4567,如果显示xml页面，说明程序已经启动。

二对应的客户端
1。客户端程序代码如下:

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "soapH.h"
#include "add.nsmap"

int add(const char* server, int num1, int num2, int *sum);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int result = -1;
    char* server="http://localhost:4567";
    int num1 = 0;
    int num2 = 0;
    int sum = 0;
    if( argc < 3 )
    {
        printf("usage: %s num1 num2 /n", argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }

    num1 = atoi(argv[1]);
    num2 = atoi(argv[2]);

    result = add(server, num1, num2, ∑);
    if (result != 0)
    {
        printf("soap err,errcode = %d/n", result);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%d+%d=%d/n", num1, num2, sum );
    }
    return 0;
}
int add( const char* server, int num1, int num2, int *sum )
{
    struct soap add_soap;
    int result = 0;
    soap_init(&add_soap);
//    soap_set_namespaces(&add_soap, add_namespaces);

    //该函数是客户端调用的主要函数，后面几个参数和add.h中声明的一样，前面多了3个参数，函数名是接口函数名ns__add前面加上soap_call_
    soap_call_ns__add( &add_soap, server, "", num1, num2, sum );
    if(add_soap.error)
    {
        printf("soap error:%d,%s,%s/n", add_soap.error, *soap_faultcode(&add_soap), *soap_faultstring(&add_soap) );
        result = add_soap.error;
    }
    soap_end(&add_soap);
    soap_done(&add_soap);
    return result;
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "soapH.h"
#include "add.nsmap"

int add(const char* server, int num1, int num2, int *sum);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int result = -1;
    char* server="http://localhost:4567";
    int num1 = 0;
    int num2 = 0;
    int sum = 0;
    if( argc < 3 )
    {
        printf("usage: %s num1 num2 /n", argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }

    num1 = atoi(argv[1]);
    num2 = atoi(argv[2]);

    result = add(server, num1, num2, ∑);
    if (result != 0)
    {
        printf("soap err,errcode = %d/n", result);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%d+%d=%d/n", num1, num2, sum );
    }
    return 0;
}
int add( const char* server, int num1, int num2, int *sum )
{
    struct soap add_soap;
    int result = 0;
    soap_init(&add_soap);
//    soap_set_namespaces(&add_soap, add_namespaces);

    //该函数是客户端调用的主要函数，后面几个参数和add.h中声明的一样，前面多了3个参数，函数名是接口函数名ns__add前面加上soap_call_
    soap_call_ns__add( &add_soap, server, "", num1, num2, sum );
    if(add_soap.error)
    {
        printf("soap error:%d,%s,%s/n", add_soap.error, *soap_faultcode(&add_soap), *soap_faultstring(&add_soap) );
        result = add_soap.error;
    }
    soap_end(&add_soap);
    soap_done(&add_soap);
    return result;
}

2.客户端程序既可以新建一个新的win32控制台程序，将刚才生成的nsmap,soapH.h,soapClient.h等文件加入工程，编译既可。我是直接在原先工程中加入一客户端代码，将webserver.cpp文件移除，并且将soapServer.cpp等server端需要的文件移除，将 soapClient.cpp等client端需要的cpp添加到工程，编译既可。
3.启动server程序，F5客户端程序，经测试正常。

三遇到的问题
1.server端可以编译成CGI方式执行，而并不是绑定到某个端口，这种方式我没有实践。

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if (argc < 2) // no args: assume this is a CGI application
   {
      soap_serve(&soap); // serve request, one thread, CGI style
      soap_destroy(&soap); // dealloc C++ data
      soap_end(&soap); // dealloc data and clean up
}
if (argc < 2) // no args: assume this is a CGI application
   {
      soap_serve(&soap); // serve request, one thread, CGI style
      soap_destroy(&soap); // dealloc C++ data
      soap_end(&soap); // dealloc data and clean up
}

2.在编译服务器及客户端程序时一开始对add.h生成的文件添加到工程，经常出现问题，需要自己不调试。特别是链接时段，server/client要与其生成的文件相对应，server调用生成的soapserver.cpp，client调用生成的soapclient.cpp文件。
3.多线程方式，在windows下建议用pthread_win32库，这里给出多线程下的例子。

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一 gSOAP需要的头文件：
//gsoap ns service name: calc
//gsoap ns service style: rpc
//gsoap ns service encoding: encoded
//gsoap ns service namespace: http://127.0.0.1:8089/calc.wsdl
//gsoap ns service location: http://127.0.0.1:8089/cal
//gsoap ns schema namespace:    urn:calc
int ns__add(double a, double b, double *result);
int ns__sub(double a, double b, double *result);
int ns__mul(double a, double b, double *result);
int ns__div(double a, double b, double *result);
int ns__pow(double a, double b, double *result);
二多线程服务器关键代码
#include
#include "calc.nsmap"
#include "soapH.h"
/**//
///宏与全局变量的定义
#define BACKLOG (100)
#define MAX_THR (10)
#define MAX_QUEUE (1000)

pthread_mutex_t queue_cs;                        //队列锁
pthread_cond_t queue_cv;                          //条件变量
SOAP_SOCKET     queue[MAX_QUEUE];   //数组队列
int                           head =0, tail =0;          //队列头队列尾初始化
/**///

//
void *      process_queue(void *);        //线程入口函数
int         enqueue(SOAP_SOCKET); //入队列函数
SOAP_SOCKET dequeue(void);         //出队列函数
/**///
//线程入口函数
void * process_queue(void * soap)
{
struct soap * tsoap = (struct soap *)soap;
for(;;)
{
        tsoap->socket = dequeue();
        if (!soap_valid_socket(tsoap->socket))
       {
         break;
        }
        soap_serve(tsoap);
        soap_destroy(tsoap);
        soap_end(tsoap);
}
return NULL;
}
//入队列操作
int enqueue(SOAP_SOCKET sock)
{
int status = SOAP_OK;
int next;
pthread_mutex_lock(&queue_cs);
next = tail +1;
if (next >= MAX_QUEUE)
    next = 0;
if (next == head)
      status = SOAP_EOM;
else
{
    queue[tail] =sock;
    tail = next;
}
pthread_cond_signal(&queue_cv);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&queue_cs);
return status;
}
//出队列操作
SOAP_SOCKET dequeue()
{
SOAP_SOCKET sock;
pthread_mutex_lock(&queue_cs);
   while (head == tail )
   {
          pthread_cond_wait(&queue_cv,&queue_cs);
   }
sock = queue[head++];
if (head >= MAX_QUEUE)
        {
    head =0;
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&queue_cs);
return sock;
}

/**///具体服务方法
//加法的实现
int ns__add(struct soap *soap, double a, double b, double *result)
{
      *result = a + b;
      return SOAP_OK;
}
//减法的实现
int ns__sub(struct soap *soap, double a, double b, double *result)
{
     *result = a - b;
     return SOAP_OK;
}
//乘法的实现
int ns__mul(struct soap *soap, double a, double b, double *result)
{
     *result = a * b;
     return SOAP_OK;
}
//除法的实现
int ns__div(struct soap *soap, double a, double b, double *result)
{
   if (b)
       *result = a / b;
   else
{
         char *s = (char*)soap_malloc(soap, 1024);
         sprintf(s, "Can't">http://tempuri.org/">Can't divide %f by %f", a, b);
         return soap_sender_fault(soap, "Division by zero", s);
}
return SOAP_OK;
}
//乘方的实现
int ns__pow(struct soap *soap, double a, double b, double *result)
{
*result = pow(a, b);
if (soap_errno == EDOM) /**//* soap_errno 和errorno类似, 但是和widnows兼容 */
{
    char *s = (char*)soap_malloc(soap, 1024);
    sprintf(s, "Can't take the power of %f to %f", a, b);
    sprintf(s, "Can't">http://tempuri.org/">Can't take power of %f to %f", a, b);
    return soap_sender_fault(soap, "Power function domain error", s);
}
return SOAP_OK;
}
/**///
//主函数
int main(int argc,char ** argv)
{
struct soap ServerSoap;
     //初始话运行时环境
    soap_init(&ServerSoap);
    //如果没有参数，当作CGI程序处理
    if (argc <2)
    {
           //CGI 风格服务请求，单线程
          soap_serve(&ServerSoap);
          //清除序列化的类的实例
         soap_destroy(&ServerSoap);
         //清除序列化的数据
        soap_end(&ServerSoap);
   }else
   {
     struct soap * soap_thr[MAX_THR];
     pthread_t tid[MAX_THR];
     int i,port = atoi(argv[1]);
     SOAP_SOCKET m,s;
      //锁和条件变量初始化
     pthread_mutex_init(&queue_cs,NULL);
     pthread_cond_init(&queue_cv,NULL);
     //绑定服务端口
    m = soap_bind(&ServerSoap,NULL,port,BACKLOG);
    //循环直至服务套接字合法
    while (!soap_valid_socket(m))
   {
                fprintf(stderr,"Bind port error! ");
                m = soap_bind(&ServerSoap,NULL,port,BACKLOG);
    }
    fprintf(stderr,"socket connection successful %d ",m);

     //生成服务线程
    for(i = 0; i <MAX_THR; i++)
   {
      soap_thr[i] = soap_copy(&ServerSoap);
      fprintf(stderr,"Starting thread %d ",i);
      pthread_create(&tid[i],NULL,(void*(*)(void*))process_queue,(void*)soap_thr[i]);
    }

    for(;;)
    {
      //接受客户端的连接
      s = soap_accept(&ServerSoap);
      if (!soap_valid_socket(s))
      {
        if (ServerSoap.errnum)
                                {
          soap_print_fault(&ServerSoap,stderr);
          continue;
        }else
        {
          fprintf(stderr,"Server timed out ");
          break;
        }
      }
       //客户端的IP地址
      fprintf(stderr,"Accepted connection from IP= %d.%d.%d.%d socket = %d ",
                               ((ServerSoap.ip)>>24)&&0xFF,((ServerSoap.ip)>>16)&0xFF,((ServerSoap.ip)>>8)&0xFF,(ServerSoap.ip)&0xFF,(ServerSoap.socket));
      //请求的套接字进入队列，如果队列已满则循环等待
       while(enqueue(s) == SOAP_EOM)
                Sleep(1000);
    }
    //服务结束后的清理工作
    for(i = 0; i < MAX_THR; i++)
    {
      while (enqueue(SOAP_INVALID_SOCKET) == SOAP_EOM)
       {
           Sleep(1000);
      }
    }
    for(i=0; i< MAX_THR; i++)
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for thread %d to terminate ..",i);
      pthread_join(tid[i],NULL);
      fprintf(stderr,"terminated ");
      soap_done(soap_thr[i]);
      free(soap_thr[i]);
    }
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&queue_cs);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&queue_cv);
}
    //分离运行时的环境
soap_done(&ServerSoap);
return 0;
}