springboot如何防止恶意刷新，暴力请求接口

本项目采用 springboot+Redis的方式来实现；所采用的全部参考文献在文末，包括软件的安装、测试等等

实验环境： centos 7 安装Redis ,采用wget安装，
IDE ：IDEA

配置：
pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootRefusePost</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.67</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.13.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

目录结构：
因为只测试了一个接口暴力请求，所以并没有分包，对于全局异常只是在后台抛出，并没有在前端做全局的捕获返回
飘红的原因是idea的受检异常，可忽略

application.yml配置类

文章中用到的六个类包括启动类如下所示：

package com.ApiTest;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * 自定义注解，用于拦截过于频繁的请求
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface AccessLimit {
    int seconds();
    int maxCount();
    boolean needLogin() default true;
}

package com.ApiTest;

import com.ApiTest.MyException;
import com.ApiTest.AccessLimit;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * 自定义拦截器
 */
@Component
public class AccessLimtInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {

        if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
            HandlerMethod hm = (HandlerMethod) handler;
            AccessLimit accessLimit = hm.getMethodAnnotation(AccessLimit.class);
            if (null == accessLimit) {
                return true;
            }
            int seconds = accessLimit.seconds();
            int maxCount = accessLimit.maxCount();
            boolean needLogin = accessLimit.needLogin();

            if (needLogin) {
                //判断是否登录
            }
            String ip=request.getRemoteAddr();
            String key = request.getServletPath() + ":" + ip ;
            System.out.println(ip);
            System.out.println(key);
            //获取key键对应的值。
            Integer count = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
            System.out.println(count);
            if (null == count || -1 == count) {
                //redisTemplate.opsForValue().set  增⼀个字符串类型的值，key是键，value是值。
                //⽅法含义：新增⼀个字符串类型的值，并且设置变量值的过期时间。key是键，value是值，timeout 过期时间，unit 过期时间单位
                //链接：https://wenku.baidu.com/view/f0de3ecc1ae8b8f67c1cfad6195f312b3169ebd1.html
                System.out.println("初次进入");
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, 1,seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                return true;
            }

            if (count < maxCount) {
                count = count+1;
                //⽅法含义：覆盖从指定位置开始的值
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, count,0);
                return true;
            }
            //  response 返回 json 请求过于频繁请稍后再试
            throw new MyException("20001","操作过于频繁");
        }

        return true;
    }
}

package com.ApiTest;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class AppHomeController {


    @GetMapping("/index")
    @AccessLimit(seconds = 2, maxCount = 5) //2秒内 允许请求5次
    @ResponseBody
    public String getImageList(){
        return "请求成功";
    }
}

package com.ApiTest;

/**
 * 自定义异常类
 */
public class MyException extends Exception {
    // 异常代码
    private String code;

    //异常信息
    private String message;

    //构造方法


    public MyException(String code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }


}

package com.ApiTest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * 在webconfig中配置拦截器
 */
@Configuration
public class MyWebMvcConfigurer extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private AccessLimtInterceptor accessLimtInterceptor;

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(accessLimtInterceptor);
        super.addInterceptors(registry);
    }
}


```java
package com;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

本文参考文章如下：
centos 7 开放端口

springboot连接Redis

redisTemplate.opsForValue()方法的介绍

postman的并发测试

springboot请求拦截

centos7 安装Redis （外部安装，不是在docker里）

centos 7访问Redis，设置密码