创建Django项目

我这里利用conda+Pycharm创建Django项目

1、打开conda Prompt
激活python的conda环境（创建了多个环境可以考虑切换一下python环境）

conda activate base

2、安装Django

conda install Django

查看安装成功了没有？
django-admin --help
出现常用的命令：

    check
    compilemessages
    createcachetable
    dbshell
    diffsettings
    dumpdata
    flush
    inspectdb
    loaddata
    makemessages
    makemigrations
    migrate
    optimizemigration
    runserver
    sendtestemail
    shell
    showmigrations
    sqlflush
    sqlmigrate
    sqlsequencereset
    squashmigrations
    startapp
    startproject
    test
    testserver

进入你要创建项目的目录

D:
cd ./Project/PythonFile
或者一开始就进入这里

3、控制台创建项目

django-admin startproject gisbackend（项目名称）

4、控制台创建应用

cd giswebbackend

python manage.py startapp weather
python manage.py startapp users

5、启动应用项目

python manage.py runserver

6、注册应用

在giswebbackend的settings.py的INSTALLED_APPS配置下

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    # 注册应用
    "weather",
    "users",
]

备注：如果忘记了命令，可输入:

python manage.py 

可以列出所有可用命令

7、创建数据库

python manage.py migrate

Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
  Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
  Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK

8、定义模型

打开文件models.py进行编辑

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
'''
必须继承models.Model
'''
class NewInfo(models.Model):
    text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    data_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.text

9、激活模型

命令makemigrations让Django确定该如何修改数据库，使其能够存储与我们定义的新题型相关联的数据。输出表明Django创建了一个名为0001 initial.py的迁移文件，这个文件将在数据库中为模型Topic创建一个表。

python manage.py makemigrations weather

创建完成

10、运行项目

$ python manage.py runserver
……
Django version 4.1, using settings 'gisbackend.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.