python入门学习（三）----- 列表数据的增删改查及排序

本文介绍了如何使用Python中的append(), extend(), insert()函数追加元素，以及remove(), pop(), del操作进行删除。同时展示了列表切片、排序和常见函数的运用。

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1、常用追加函数：append()、extend()、insert()

起始数据

>>> member = ['小布丁','黑夜','迷途']
>>> member
[ '小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途']

append()

>>> member.append(['张三','李四'])
>>> member
['小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途', '福娃', ['张三', '李四']]

>>> member.append('福娃')
>>> member
['小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途', '福娃']

extend()

>>> member.extend(['python1','python2'])
>>> member
['小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1', 'python2']

insert()

>>> member.insert(0,'python3')
>>> member
['python3','小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1', 'python2']

2、常用删除函数：remove()、pop()、del、

remove()

['python3', '小布丁', '黑夜', '迷途', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1', 'python2']
>>> member.remove('迷途')
>>> member
['python3', '小布丁', '黑夜', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1', 'python2']

pop()：取出最后一个元素，并将数据返回

['python3', '小布丁', '黑夜', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1', 'python2']
>>> member.pop()
'python2'
>>> member
['python3', '小布丁', '黑夜', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1']
>>> member.pop(2)
'黑夜'
>>> member
['python3', '小布丁', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1']

del：删除整个数组列表

>>> mix
[1,3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
>>> del mix
>>> mix
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#30>", line 1, in <module>
    mix
NameError: name 'mix' is not defined

3、列表数据的显示

>>> member[1:3]
['小布丁', '福娃']
>>> member[:3]
['python3', '小布丁', '福娃']
>>> member[1:]
['小布丁', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1']
>>> member[:]
['python3', '小布丁', '福娃', ['张三', '李四'], 'python1']

4、列表的排序

>>> list = [2,3,42,7,85,4,8]
>>> list
[2, 3, 42, 7, 85, 4, 8]
>>> list.sort()          //升序排序
>>> list
[2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 42, 85]
>>> list.sort(reverse = True)     //sort有三个参数,第三个参数revrse默认为false
>>> list
[85, 42, 8, 7, 4, 3, 2]
>>> list.reverse()       //逆置排序
>>> list
[2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 42, 85]