程序员必知必会之10大Java毕业设计项目的详细描述和核心代码！

于 2025-07-20 21:06:21 发布
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文章标签： java 开发语言 面试 程序员 课程设计 经验分享
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以下是10个Java毕业设计项目的详细描述和核心代码示例。每个项目都基于实际应用场景，代码使用Java编写，简洁明了地展示核心功能。项目设计考虑了可扩展性和实用性，适合作为毕业设计基础

1. 学生信息管理系统

描述：这个系统允许管理员管理学生信息，包括添加、删除、修改和查询学生记录。支持数据持久化存储到文件或数据库。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String id, String name, int age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "学号: " + id + ", 姓名: " + name + ", 年龄: " + age;
    }
}

public class StudentManagement {
    private static ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("1.添加学生 2.查看所有学生 3.退出");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                System.out.print("输入学号: ");
                String id = scanner.next();
                System.out.print("输入姓名: ");
                String name = scanner.next();
                System.out.print("输入年龄: ");
                int age = scanner.nextInt();
                students.add(new Student(id, name, age));
                System.out.println("添加成功!");
                break;
            case 2:
                for (Student s : students) {
                    System.out.println(s);
                }
                break;
            default:
                System.exit(0);
        }
    }
}

2. 在线书店系统

描述：用户可以在线浏览、搜索和购买书籍。系统包括库存管理、订单处理和用户认证功能。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

class Book {
    private String title;
    private double price;

    public Book(String title, double price) {
        this.title = title;
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getTitle() { return title; }
    public double getPrice() { return price; }
}

public class BookStore {
    private static Map<String, Book> inventory = new HashMap<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        inventory.put("B001", new Book("Java编程思想", 99.9));
        inventory.put("B002", new Book("算法导论", 120.5));
        
        System.out.println("可用书籍:");
        for (Map.Entry<String, Book> entry : inventory.entrySet()) {
            Book book = entry.getValue();
            System.out.println("ID: " + entry.getKey() + ", 书名: " + book.getTitle() + ", 价格: $" + book.getPrice());
        }
    }
}

3. 即时聊天应用

描述：实现一个简单的客户端-服务器聊天程序，支持多用户在线实时消息发送和接收。

// 服务器端代码
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class ChatServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(1234);
        System.out.println("服务器启动...");
        Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);
        
        String inputLine;
        while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("客户端: " + inputLine);
            out.println("服务器回复: " + inputLine);
        }
    }
}

// 客户端代码
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class ChatClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 1234);
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
        BufferedReader stdIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        
        String userInput;
        while ((userInput = stdIn.readLine()) != null) {
            out.println(userInput);
            System.out.println("服务器: " + in.readLine());
        }
    }
}

4. 库存管理系统

描述：用于企业跟踪产品库存，支持入库、出库、库存查询和报表生成。

import java.util.HashMap;

class Product {
    private String name;
    private int quantity;

    public Product(String name, int quantity) {
        this.name = name;
        this.quantity = quantity;
    }

    public void addStock(int amount) { quantity += amount; }
    public void removeStock(int amount) { quantity -= amount; }
    public int getQuantity() { return quantity; }
    public String getName() { return name; }
}

public class InventorySystem {
    private static HashMap<String, Product> products = new HashMap<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        products.put("P100", new Product("笔记本电脑", 50));
        products.get("P100").addStock(10);
        System.out.println("当前库存: " + products.get("P100").getName() + " - 数量: " + products.get("P100").getQuantity());
    }
}

5. ATM模拟系统

描述：模拟银行ATM机功能，包括账户登录、余额查询、存款、取款和转账。

class Account {
    private String accountId;
    private double balance;

    public Account(String accountId, double balance) {
        this.accountId = accountId;
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public void deposit(double amount) { balance += amount; }
    public void withdraw(double amount) { balance -= amount; }
    public double getBalance() { return balance; }
}

public class ATMSystem {
    private static Account account = new Account("A12345", 1000.0);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("欢迎使用ATM");
        account.deposit(500.0);
        System.out.println("存款后余额: $" + account.getBalance());
        account.withdraw(200.0);
        System.out.println("取款后余额: $" + account.getBalance());
    }
}

6. 酒店预订系统

描述：用户可查询酒店房间、预订房间和取消预订。系统包括房间状态管理和预订记录。

import java.util.ArrayList;

class Room {
    private int number;
    private boolean isBooked;

    public Room(int number) {
        this.number = number;
        this.isBooked = false;
    }

    public void book() { isBooked = true; }
    public void cancel() { isBooked = false; }
    public boolean isAvailable() { return !isBooked; }
    public int getNumber() { return number; }
}

public class HotelBooking {
    private static ArrayList<Room> rooms = new ArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        rooms.add(new Room(101));
        rooms.add(new Room(102));
        
        rooms.get(0).book();
        System.out.println("房间101状态: " + (rooms.get(0).isAvailable() ? "可用" : "已预订"));
    }
}

7. 图书馆管理系统

描述：管理图书借阅、归还和库存。包括用户管理、图书搜索和逾期计算。

import java.util.Date;

class BookItem {
    private String isbn;
    private String title;
    private boolean isBorrowed;
    private Date dueDate;

    public BookItem(String isbn, String title) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
        this.title = title;
        this.isBorrowed = false;
    }

    public void borrow() { 
        isBorrowed = true;
        dueDate = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 14 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000); // 14天后到期
    }
    public void returnBook() { isBorrowed = false; }
    public boolean isAvailable() { return !isBorrowed; }
}

public class LibrarySystem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookItem book = new BookItem("978-7-121-12345", "Java核心技术");
        book.borrow();
        System.out.println("图书状态: " + (book.isAvailable() ? "在库" : "已借出"));
    }
}

8. 文件加密解密工具

描述：使用简单算法（如AES或自定义）实现文件的加密和解密，支持命令行操作。

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import java.util.Base64;

public class FileEncryptor {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        KeyGenerator keyGen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        keyGen.init(128);
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGen.generateKey();
        
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        String plainText = "机密数据";
        byte[] encryptedBytes = cipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes());
        System.out.println("加密后: " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedBytes));
        
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] decryptedBytes = cipher.doFinal(encryptedBytes);
        System.out.println("解密后: " + new String(decryptedBytes));
    }
}

9. 在线投票系统

描述：用户可创建投票主题、投票和查看结果。系统确保每个用户只投一次票。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;

class Poll {
    private String question;
    private HashMap<String, Integer> options;
    private HashSet<String> voters;

    public Poll(String question) {
        this.question = question;
        this.options = new HashMap<>();
        this.voters = new HashSet<>();
    }

    public void addOption(String option) { options.put(option, 0); }
    public void vote(String voterId, String option) {
        if (!voters.contains(voterId)) {
            voters.add(voterId);
            options.put(option, options.getOrDefault(option, 0) + 1);
        }
    }
    public void displayResults() {
        System.out.println("投票结果: " + question);
        for (String opt : options.keySet()) {
            System.out.println(opt + ": " + options.get(opt) + "票");
        }
    }
}

public class VotingSystem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Poll poll = new Poll("你最喜欢的编程语言?");
        poll.addOption("Java");
        poll.addOption("Python");
        poll.vote("user1", "Java");
        poll.vote("user2", "Python");
        poll.displayResults();
    }
}

10. 贪吃蛇游戏

描述：基于Swing的简单贪吃蛇游戏，包括蛇的移动、食物生成和碰撞检测。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.LinkedList;

public class SnakeGame extends JFrame implements KeyListener {
    private LinkedList<Point> snake;
    private Point food;
    private int direction; // 0:上, 1:右, 2:下, 3:左

    public SnakeGame() {
        snake = new LinkedList<>();
        snake.add(new Point(5, 5));
        food = new Point(10, 10);
        direction = 1;
        addKeyListener(this);
        setSize(400, 400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        super.paint(g);
        for (Point p : snake) {
            g.fillRect(p.x * 20, p.y * 20, 20, 20);
        }
        g.setColor(Color.RED);
        g.fillRect(food.x * 20, food.y * 20, 20, 20);
    }

    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int key = e.getKeyCode();
        if (key == KeyEvent.VK_UP && direction != 2) direction = 0;
        else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT && direction != 3) direction = 1;
        else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN && direction != 0) direction = 2;
        else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT && direction != 1) direction = 3;
    }

    // 省略其他KeyListener方法和游戏循环逻辑
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SnakeGame();
    }
}

这些项目覆盖了常见领域，如数据库应用、网络编程、游戏开发等。每个项目都提供了核心功能代码，您可以根据需求扩展为完整系统。建议使用IDE如IntelliJ IDEA或Eclipse进行开发，并结合MySQL或文件存储实现数据持久化。

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