Archive Logs Are Created With Small

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-29 18:00:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-07-29 18:00:39 发布

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Archive Logs Are Created With Smaller, Uneven Size Than The Original Redo Logs. Why? [ID 388627.1]

Applies to:
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 8.1.7.4 to 11.1.0.6 - Release: 8.1.7 to 11.1
Information in this document applies to any platform.
Goal
Archive logs are created with smaller, uneven size than the original redo logs.
Commands like:
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE
or
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ...
are not used to generate archive or switch the logfile. As well, there is no ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET parameter set.
What else could cause such behaviour?
Solution
According to:
Bug: 5450861 : ARCHIVE LOGS ARE GENERATED WITH A SMALLER SIZE THAN THE REDO LOG FILES
the explanation for this situation has 2 main reasons:
1. The archive logs do not have to be even in size. This was decided a very long time ago, when blank padding the archive logs was stopped, for a very good reason - in order to save disk space.
2. The log switch does not occur when a redo log file is 100% full. There is an internal algorithm that determines the log switch moment. This also has a very good reason - doing the log switch at the last moment could incur performance problems (for various reasons, out of the scope of this note).
As a result, after the log switch occurs, the archivers are copying only the actual information from the redo log files. Since the redo logs are not 100% full after the log switch and the archive logs are not blank padded after the copy operation has finished, this results in uneven, smaller files than the original redo log files.
This is very conspicuous for very small redo log files (e.g. smaller than 10 MB), i.e. 2.5 MB archive logs generated from 5 MB redo logs are very visible.
Just note that at this moment, the default redo log files are 100 MB in size. If the resulting archive log files would be between 98 and 100 MB nobody would notice.
The main concern that one should have for the archive log files is an eventual corruption. This can be very easily checked by trying a test recovery. When this is ok, the uneven archive log size should be of no concern, as it's expected.
Please note that Bug: 5450861 has been closed as 'Not a Bug', just like related Bug reports Bug 9272059 and Bug 12317474.
In fact Bug 12317474 discusses an additional situation that could cause the same issue.
3. With a high CPU_COUNT, a low load and a redo log file size smaller than the redolog buffer, you may small archived log files because of log switches at about 1/8 of the size of the define log file size.
This is because CPU_COUNT defines the number of redo strands (ncpus/16). With a low load only a single strand may be used. With redo log file size smaller than the redolog buffer, the log file space is divided over the available strands. When for instance only a single active strand is used, a log switch can already occur when that strand is filled.
References
BUG:5450861 - ARCHIVE LOGS ARE GENERATED WITH A SMALLER SIZE THAN THE REDO LOG FILES
BUG:9272059 - REDO LOG SWITCH AT 1/8 OF SIZE DUE TO CMT CPU'S
BUG:12317474 - FREQUENT REDO LOG SWITCHES GENERATING SMALL SIZED ARCHIVELOGS

结论是不管是 RAC或非RAC环境中  archivelog  归档日志的大小都不是必须等于重做日志大小的，  一般会略微小于redo log size ，但是也不排除远远小于的情况。

造成这种现象的几点原因：

1. 节约不必要的磁盘浪费
2.  内部算法决定了何时切换日志(非ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET)
3.  较高的CPU_COUNT 参数，因为cpu number 决定了redo strands (ncpus/16)的个数

主要是由于oracle内部算法所决定的，  一般不会造成实例性能或可用性问题，唯一的困扰可能是生成了较多的小归档日志。

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