一、centos yum 安装 mysql

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本文详细介绍了在CentOS 7系统中安装与配置MySQL 5.7的具体步骤，包括检查系统环境、安装与配置MySQL服务、重置密码、设置开机自启及修改字符集等关键操作。

1. 版本

centos：7.5 （64位）
mysql：5.7.26 （64位）

2. 安装步骤

Set1: 检测系统是否存在
```
# yum list installed | grep mysql
```
Set2: 删除系统自带mysql及其依赖

如果Set1检测存在，执行下面删除操作，如果不存在直接跳过执行Set3
```
# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64
```

Set3: 下载mysql官方yum repository

# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

Set4: 安装rpm

# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

Set5: 安装mysql服务器
```
# yum -y install mysql-community-server
```
至此安装完成

3. 配置

启动mysql服务
```
# service mysqld start
```

查看初始密码

# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eySGLs._15Tc

重置密码
- 初始密码登录
```
# mysql -u root -p
```
- 设置新密码
```
# SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('newpass');
```
- 设置密码时提示错误
```
# ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
```
  此问题与validate_password_policy值的设置有关
  validate_password_policy值默认为1，即MEDIUM，所以要求密码必须符合长度要求，大小写，特殊字符
policy Tests performed
0 or LOW length
1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file
- 修改密码校验策略
```
# set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
```
  这样，对密码要求就只有长度了，重新执行上面修改密码操作，提示成功。
- 刷新权限
```
# flush privileges;

// 退出mysql命令行
# exit;
```

policy	Tests performed
0 or LOW	length
1 or MEDIUM	Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG	Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

查看是否开机自启，并设置

// centos6 查看、设置 --此处系统为centos7，直接用centos7的方式查看与设置
# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld 
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
  systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
  systemd configuration.

  If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
  To see services enabled on particular target use
  'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
# chkconfig mysqld on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable mysqld.service'.

// centos7 查看、设置
通过systemctl list-unit-files 查看
# systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysqld
mysqld.service                                enabled 
mysqld@.service                               disabled
# systemctl enable mysqld

修改字符集为UTF-8

# vim /etc/my.cnf

在[mysql]部分添加：
character-set-server=utf8

在文件末位新增[client]段，并在后增加：
default-character-set=utf8

在这里插入图片描述

修改完毕重启服务
```
# service mysqld restart
```

允许外部链接访问

# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '你的密码' with grant option;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

// 此处出现安全策略问题，再次修改
# set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# exit;
// 完成！！